
The alkali metal halide is soluble in water but $LiF$ is insoluble because
A. It’s atmospheric
B. $Li - F$ highly ionic
C. Its lattice energy is high
D. $L{i^ + }$is least hydrated
Answer
163.2k+ views
Hint: The third atom in the periodic table is $Li$, which has a small atomic radius. The chemicals' lattice enthalpies and radius how they affect the solubility of any compound.
Complete Step by Step Solution:
The difference in the characteristic is caused by the anion's nature and a few factors affecting solubility.
Let's look at the variables that influence a substance's solubility first.
- Lattice enthalpy of lattice energy and hydration enthalpy are the two basic concepts that pertain to solubility.
- A product's solubility is inversely proportional to lattice energy, but directly proportional to hydration energy, i.e., solubility hydration energy
- Solubility increases with increasing hydration energy and decreases with decreasing lattice energy.
Let's now quickly review the concepts of lattice energy and hydration energy.
- Lattice energy is therefore always defined as the amount of energy or enthalpy needed to break down a mole of a substance into its component ions.
- Or, if speaking of solids, the energy needed to dissolve the ionic bonds that make up the lattice. Lattice energy is primarily influenced by two variables: charge and size.
- The lattice energy increases when size reduces and charge rises, and vice versa. Hydration energy is the energy released when one mole of a material is hydrated.
- Li and F $LiF$ in have virtually identical atomic radii but are much smaller in size. Due to the ions' close proximity and very small size, there will be a greater amount of electrostatic attraction between them.
- Additionally, due to their high lattice enthalpy and low hydration energy in $LiF$, they are insoluble.
So, the alkali metal halide is soluble in water but $LiF$ is insoluble because of its high lattice energy i.e. option C is correct.
Note: The solubility of a substance is significantly influenced by the composition of the compounds. Ionic chemicals are more soluble than covalent compounds. Water dissolves polar molecules more readily in ionic compounds because they are polar, whereas covalent compounds are nonpolar by nature.
Complete Step by Step Solution:
The difference in the characteristic is caused by the anion's nature and a few factors affecting solubility.
Let's look at the variables that influence a substance's solubility first.
- Lattice enthalpy of lattice energy and hydration enthalpy are the two basic concepts that pertain to solubility.
- A product's solubility is inversely proportional to lattice energy, but directly proportional to hydration energy, i.e., solubility hydration energy
- Solubility increases with increasing hydration energy and decreases with decreasing lattice energy.
Let's now quickly review the concepts of lattice energy and hydration energy.
- Lattice energy is therefore always defined as the amount of energy or enthalpy needed to break down a mole of a substance into its component ions.
- Or, if speaking of solids, the energy needed to dissolve the ionic bonds that make up the lattice. Lattice energy is primarily influenced by two variables: charge and size.
- The lattice energy increases when size reduces and charge rises, and vice versa. Hydration energy is the energy released when one mole of a material is hydrated.
- Li and F $LiF$ in have virtually identical atomic radii but are much smaller in size. Due to the ions' close proximity and very small size, there will be a greater amount of electrostatic attraction between them.
- Additionally, due to their high lattice enthalpy and low hydration energy in $LiF$, they are insoluble.
So, the alkali metal halide is soluble in water but $LiF$ is insoluble because of its high lattice energy i.e. option C is correct.
Note: The solubility of a substance is significantly influenced by the composition of the compounds. Ionic chemicals are more soluble than covalent compounds. Water dissolves polar molecules more readily in ionic compounds because they are polar, whereas covalent compounds are nonpolar by nature.
Recently Updated Pages
JEE Main 2021 July 25 Shift 1 Question Paper with Answer Key

JEE Main 2021 July 22 Shift 2 Question Paper with Answer Key

JEE Main 2025 Session 2: Exam Date, Admit Card, Syllabus, & More

JEE Atomic Structure and Chemical Bonding important Concepts and Tips

JEE Amino Acids and Peptides Important Concepts and Tips for Exam Preparation

JEE Electricity and Magnetism Important Concepts and Tips for Exam Preparation

Trending doubts
Types of Solutions

Degree of Dissociation and Its Formula With Solved Example for JEE

Instantaneous Velocity - Formula based Examples for JEE

JEE Main Chemistry Question Paper with Answer Keys and Solutions

JEE Main Reservation Criteria 2025: SC, ST, EWS, and PwD Candidates

What is Normality in Chemistry?

Other Pages
Thermodynamics Class 11 Notes: CBSE Chapter 5

Total MBBS Seats in India 2025: Government College Seat Matrix

NEET Total Marks 2025: Important Information and Key Updates

Neet Cut Off 2025 for MBBS in Tamilnadu: AIQ & State Quota Analysis

Karnataka NEET Cut off 2025 - Category Wise Cut Off Marks

NEET Marks vs Rank 2024|How to Calculate?
