Answer
Verified
91.5k+ views
Hint: The atomic number of nitrogen is 7 and the atomic number of phosphorus is 15. They both belong to group 15 of the periodic table but are of different periods. Nitrogen is of period 2 and phosphorus is of period 3.
Complete step by step answer:
>The electronic configuration of nitrogen is $1{s}^{2}2{s}^{2}2{p}^{3}$. This shows that nitrogen can lose 5 electrons from its outer shell to form compounds and can gain 3 electrons to its outer shell. Therefore, it shows that nitrogen can only have 8 electrons in its outer shell. It also shows that nitrogen can have an oxidation state in the range -3 to +5.
> Whereas, if we talk about phosphorus, its electronic configuration is $1{s}^{2}2{s}^{2}2{p}^{6}2{s}^{2}3{p}^{3}$. This shows that phosphorus can also lose 5 electrons from its outer shell to form compounds and can gain 3 electrons to its outer shell.
- But when phosphorus forms a compound, it has enough energy that one electron jumps from the p-orbital to the vacant d-orbital. This gives phosphorus two extra valencies. This is called expanded octet and thus can form $P{Cl}_{5}$.
- But nitrogen does not have an empty d-orbital and thus, cannot form $N{Cl}_{5}$.
> As we know, that electronegativity decreases down a group due to the decrease in the atomic size of the elements down the group. This means that nitrogen is more electronegative than phosphorus.
- Thus, considering the above points, we can say that statements 2 and 3 from that question are incorrect. Thus, only statement 1 is correct.
Hence the correct option is option (d).
Note: It is important to note that the expanded octet occurs only in the elements of the ${3}^{rd}$ period. Period 2 elements cannot have an expanded orbital due to the unavailability $3d$ subshell .
Complete step by step answer:
>The electronic configuration of nitrogen is $1{s}^{2}2{s}^{2}2{p}^{3}$. This shows that nitrogen can lose 5 electrons from its outer shell to form compounds and can gain 3 electrons to its outer shell. Therefore, it shows that nitrogen can only have 8 electrons in its outer shell. It also shows that nitrogen can have an oxidation state in the range -3 to +5.
> Whereas, if we talk about phosphorus, its electronic configuration is $1{s}^{2}2{s}^{2}2{p}^{6}2{s}^{2}3{p}^{3}$. This shows that phosphorus can also lose 5 electrons from its outer shell to form compounds and can gain 3 electrons to its outer shell.
- But when phosphorus forms a compound, it has enough energy that one electron jumps from the p-orbital to the vacant d-orbital. This gives phosphorus two extra valencies. This is called expanded octet and thus can form $P{Cl}_{5}$.
- But nitrogen does not have an empty d-orbital and thus, cannot form $N{Cl}_{5}$.
> As we know, that electronegativity decreases down a group due to the decrease in the atomic size of the elements down the group. This means that nitrogen is more electronegative than phosphorus.
- Thus, considering the above points, we can say that statements 2 and 3 from that question are incorrect. Thus, only statement 1 is correct.
Hence the correct option is option (d).
Note: It is important to note that the expanded octet occurs only in the elements of the ${3}^{rd}$ period. Period 2 elements cannot have an expanded orbital due to the unavailability $3d$ subshell .
Recently Updated Pages
Name the scale on which the destructive energy of an class 11 physics JEE_Main
Write an article on the need and importance of sports class 10 english JEE_Main
Choose the exact meaning of the given idiomphrase The class 9 english JEE_Main
Choose the one which best expresses the meaning of class 9 english JEE_Main
What does a hydrometer consist of A A cylindrical stem class 9 physics JEE_Main
A motorcyclist of mass m is to negotiate a curve of class 9 physics JEE_Main
Other Pages
Derive an expression for maximum speed of a car on class 11 physics JEE_Main
The vapour pressure of pure A is 10 torr and at the class 12 chemistry JEE_Main
Velocity of car at t 0 is u moves with a constant acceleration class 11 physics JEE_Main
3 mole of gas X and 2 moles of gas Y enters from the class 11 physics JEE_Main
If a wire of resistance R is stretched to double of class 12 physics JEE_Main
If the distance between 1st crest and the third crest class 11 physics JEE_Main