Question

In which of the following decay, the element does not change
A. \[\beta \] decay
B. \[\alpha \] decay
C. \[\gamma \] decay
D. None of these

Answer 1

Hint: In the given question, we have to determine in which of the following decay, the element does not change. For this, we need to explain alpha, beta and gamma decay to get the required result.

Complete step by step solution:
We know that the process of radioactive decay known as "alpha decay," in which an atomic nucleus produces an alpha particle but also changes into a separate atomic nucleus with a mass number that is reduced by four as well as an atomic number that is decreased by two, is known as radioactive decay. Also, beta decay is defined as a highly energetic electron or positron called a beta particle is released from an atomic nucleus during beta decay, transforming the initial nuclide into an isobar.

When a nucleus undergoes gamma decay, it is shown that it transitions from a higher energy state to a lower energy one by emitting electromagnetic radiation (photons). The parent and daughter atoms are both of the same chemical elements since this procedure does not alter the number of protons (and neutrons) in the nucleus. This indicates that the element does not change during gamma decay. Thus, in \[\gamma \] decay, the element does not change.

Therefore, the correct option is C.

Note: Alpha decay creates a new element with two less protons and two fewer neutrons, whereas beta decay creates a new element with one more proton and one fewer neutron. Gamma decay does not create a new element, but the element now has less energy since the energy is emitted as gamma rays. Gamma radiation has the greatest penetrating strength, followed by beta decay and finally by alpha decay. Despite having the lowest penetrating strength of the three, alpha particles do the greatest harm.