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In the arrangement as shown, mB=3m, density of liquid is ρ and density of block B is 2ρ. The system is released from rest so that the block B moves up when in liquid and moves down when out of liquid with the same acceleration. Find the mass of block A:



(A) 74m
(B) 2m
(C) 92m
(D) 94m

Answer
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Hint: The mass of the block A is determined by using the equation of the motion of the block B and the buoyancy force act on the block B. By equating both the equation of the block B, the mass of the block A can be determined.

Useful formula:
The buoyancy force is given by,
F=V×ρ×g
Where, F is the buoyancy force, V volume of the block, ρ is the density of the liquid and g is the acceleration due to gravity.

Complete step by step solution:
Given that,
The mass of the block B is, mB=3m.
The density of the liquid is, ρ.
The density of the block B is, 2ρ.
Now,
The block B moves down as it be out of liquid, so the equation of the motion is given by,
3mgMg=(3m+M)a.............(1)
The above equation is defined as, the force of the block B and the force of the block A are moved in opposite directions, so both are subtracted, is equal to the total force due to block A and block B.
The density of the block B is, 2ρ.
The mass of the block B is, mB=3m.
So, the volume of the block B is, V=3m2ρ
The buoyancy force is given by,
V×ρ×g
By substituting the volume of the block B, then
3m2ρ×ρ×g
On further simplification, then
3mg2
Now, the equation of motion when the block B is inside the liquid and moving up, then
Mg+32mg3mg=(3m+M)a..............(2)
The buoyancy force pushes the block B upwards, so it is added.
By equation the equation (1) and equation (2), then
3mgMg=Mg+32mg3mg
By arranging the above equation, then
3mg+3mg32mg=Mg+Mg
By adding the above equation, then
6mg32mg=2Mg
On cross multiplying the terms in LHS, then
92mg=2Mg
By rearranging the terms, then
Mg=94mg
By cancelling the terms on both sides, then
M=94m
Thus, the above equation shows the mass of the block A.

Hence, the option (D) is correct.

Note: The block B moves in two conditions, so the two equations of the motion of the block B is written and these two equations of the motion of the block B is equated, then the mass of the block A is determined in terms of m.
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