Question

Heating of rubber with sulphur is called
A. Vulcanisation
B. Galvanisation
C. Sulphonation
D. Bessemerisation

Answer 1

Hint: We know, rubber is a polymer.
It reacts with sulphur to form cross-links between the rubber chains.
During reaction, sulphur attains elasticity at the temperature range of \[{\text{4}}{{\text{0}}^0} - {70^0}\]\[C\].

Complete step by step answer:
Now we will consider each of the given options for description.
Vulcanization is a chemical process to convert natural rubber or related polymers into stronger materials. The process consists of the heating of mineral sulfur with raw rubber. The reaction goes via free radical mechanism. These additives cross-link at the double bond of the rubber polymers and as a result the rubber gets stiffened.

Galvanisation is a physical process to prevent iron or steel from rusting. In this process a zinc coating is applied on the surface of iron or steel. As a result, any corrosive material cannot come into a direction reaction with the steel or iron. As the corrosion of zinc is very slow, this galvanisation process gives the steel or iron a longer life.

Sulphonation is a process in which an atom or a group of atoms in a molecule gets replaced by sulfonic acid group (\[{\text{S}}{{\text{O}}_3}{\text{H}}\]). It is a purely chemical process in which making and breaking of bonds take place. The reactions of organic hydrocarbons with conc. Sulphuric acid or the reactions of organic halogen compounds with sulphur trioxide or the oxidation of organic sulphur compounds can be considered as sulphonation reactions.
Bessemerisation is a process in which steel is produced from molten pig iron or cast iron. It is basically used to remove impurities from the molten pig iron through the Bessemer converter.
So, the heating of rubber with sulphur is called Vulcanisation.

So, option\[ - \left( A \right)\] is the correct answer.

Note:
Advantages of vulcanised rubber-
a. Rubber becomes water repellant
b. Rubber gets stiffened
c. Rubber can resist the oxidising agents
d. The strength of the rubber becomes higher.