Question

Is called
A.Acetyl chloride
B.Formyl chloride
C.Chloretone
D.Oxochloromethane

Answer 1

Hint: In this question we have an organic compound in which a carbonyl group $(C=O)$is attached to a hydrogen atom $(-H)$ and a chlorine atom $(-C\,l\,)$. Generally in organic chemistry, the functional group $R-\underset{|}{\mathop{C}}\,=O$ is called the acyl group which $R-$represents any alkyl or aryl group.

Complete answer:As the given compound consists of an acyl group and a halide group that is chlorine hence it can be named acyl halide or acyl chloride. Or this can be explained in another way that the hydroxyl group of a carboxyl group is replaced by halogen, which is named by placing the name of the corresponding halide after that of the acyl group.

Therefore, the general structure of acyl halide can be represented as:

The nomenclature of acyl halide can be done by following the rules given in below:
(i)Alkyl or aryl group $+$the suffix of $-oyl$group followed by the halogen.
(ii)At first select the longest continuous carbon chain, containing the acyl group.
(iii)Then number the carbon chain, beginning at the end nearest to the acyl group.
(iv)Finally number the substitution and write the name, listing substituting alphabetically.

For example:



As in the given compound, there is no alkyl or aryl chain attached to the acyl group but hydrogen is there, therefore, this acyl chloride is named Formyl chloride (Since $H-\underset{|}{\mathop{C}}\,=O$group is called formyl group).

Thus, option (B) is correct.

Note: Acyl halide is an organic compound that can be prepared by the reaction of carboxylic acids with reagents such as $PC\,{{l}_{5}}$ thionyl chloride for acyl chloride but for the bromide, the reagent phosphorus tribromide is used. Also, aromatic acyl chlorides are prepared by Friedel crafts acylation using $HCHO$as the reagent.