Question

Unpleasant smelling carbylamines are formed by heating alkali and chloroform with which of the following?
A. Any amine
B. Any aliphatic amine
C. Any aromatic amine
D. Any primary amine

Answer 1

Hint: Amine is a basic compound. It acts as a base. The reactions of primary amines are known as carbylamine reactions. Amines are of many types like primary amine, secondary amine, tertiary amine, aliphatic amine and aromatic amines. The hydrogen in amine can be easily replaced than alkyl group.

Complete step-by-step answer:The chemical formula of chloroform is $CHCl_3$. It is a gas.
When primary amine reacts with chloroform and an alcoholic compound such as $KOH$ or $NaOH$ an isocyanide, potassium chloride or $KCl$ and water is obtained.
The unpleasant smell is due to the formation of isocyanide which is only form due to reaction with primary amine. This isocyanide or $RNC$ is called as carbylime. The reactions of primary amines are known as carbylamine reaction.

The reaction is as follows-
$RNH_2+3KOH+CHCl_3\rightarrow RNC+3KCl+3H_2O$

Thus in this reaction one mole of primary amine reacts with three moles of alcohol and one mole of chloroform to form one mole of isocyanide along with three moles of potassium chloride and three moles of water.

Option ‘D’ is correct

Note: Primary amine is a compound which contains two hydrogen atoms attached to one nitrogen atom and one alkyl substituent attached with nitrogen atom. It is a basic compound and acts as a base as it can donate its lone pair of electrons to an acid.