Question

The value of $g$ will be maximum at
(A) The equator
(B) The top of Mount Everest
(C) The pole of the earth
(D) The Kutub Minar

Answer 1

Hint: The $g$ is acceleration due to gravity. At every point of the earth the $g$ values exist because of the gravitational force. But in some places the gravitational force is very less, so the acceleration due to gravity is less in some places. In some places the gravitational force is high, the acceleration due to gravity is also high.

Complete step by step solution
Generally, we all know that the earth is spherical in shape. But our earth is not a perfect sphere in shape. It shapes like an ellipse. The gravity keeps changing when we move from one area to another. So, the gravitational force is changing from one place to another.
The equation for acceleration due to gravity is, $g = \dfrac{{GM}}{{{R^2}}}$
Where $g$ is the acceleration due to gravity, $G$ is the universal gravitational constant, $M$ is the mass of the earth,
$R$ is the radius of the earth
By this equation, the radius of the earth is inversely proportional to the acceleration due to gravity. As the radius decreases, the acceleration due to gravity increases. As the radius increases, the acceleration due to gravity decreases.
The earth looks like an ellipse in shape, so the radius value keeps on changing. So, the acceleration due to gravity is minimum at the equator and maximum at poles.

Hence, the option (C) is correct.

Note: The acceleration due to gravity is maximum at poles because the poles are near to the centre of mass of the earth. And the equator is somewhere far away from the centre of mass of the earth. And also, the acceleration due to gravity is slightly affected by the centrifugal force due to the rotation of the earth.