
The less reactivity of chlorine atom in \[{\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}} = {\rm{CH}} - {\rm{Cl}}\] is due to
A. Inductive effect
B. Resonance stabilisation
C. Electromeric effect
D. Electronegativity
Answer
164.1k+ views
Hint: Chlorine belongs to the group of halogens, that is, the 17th group. The reactivity of any halogen is dependent on the ability of the halogen to leave the compound. Here, we have to understand the C-Cl bond, to understand the reactivity of the Chlorine.
Complete Step by Step Solution:
Let’s discuss resonance stabilisation in detail. It describes an effect in which polarity results in a compound because of the interaction of a \[\pi \] bond and a lone pair or due to the interaction of two \[\pi \] bonds in neighbouring atoms. The resonance stabilisation of \[{\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}} = {\rm{CH}} - {\rm{Cl}}\]is shown as follows:
\[{\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}} = {\rm{CH}} - {\rm{Cl}} \rightleftharpoons {}^ - {\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}} - {\rm{CH}} = {\rm{C}}{{\rm{l}}^ + } \rightleftharpoons {}^ + {\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}} - {\rm{CH}} = {\rm{C}}{{\rm{l}}^ - }\]
Due to the resonance, the C-Cl bond acquires a double bond character. Therefore, Chlorine shows less electronegativity.
Hence, option B is right.
Additional Information: The inductive effect is the effect that happens due to the polarisation of a sigma bond (\[\sigma \]) because of the electron-donating effect of an adjacent group towards an electronegative atom. All the alkyl groups give the inductive effect. Electronegativity defines an atom's capacity to attract electrons to stabilise it. Fluorine has the highest electronegative character among all the halogens.
Note: It is to be noted that there is a difference between resonance and electromeric effect. The electromeric effect defines a complete shifting of pi electrons in the presence of a reagent. The nature of this effect is temporary. When the reagent is removed, the pi bond again gets reformed.
Complete Step by Step Solution:
Let’s discuss resonance stabilisation in detail. It describes an effect in which polarity results in a compound because of the interaction of a \[\pi \] bond and a lone pair or due to the interaction of two \[\pi \] bonds in neighbouring atoms. The resonance stabilisation of \[{\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}} = {\rm{CH}} - {\rm{Cl}}\]is shown as follows:
\[{\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}} = {\rm{CH}} - {\rm{Cl}} \rightleftharpoons {}^ - {\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}} - {\rm{CH}} = {\rm{C}}{{\rm{l}}^ + } \rightleftharpoons {}^ + {\rm{C}}{{\rm{H}}_{\rm{2}}} - {\rm{CH}} = {\rm{C}}{{\rm{l}}^ - }\]
Due to the resonance, the C-Cl bond acquires a double bond character. Therefore, Chlorine shows less electronegativity.
Hence, option B is right.
Additional Information: The inductive effect is the effect that happens due to the polarisation of a sigma bond (\[\sigma \]) because of the electron-donating effect of an adjacent group towards an electronegative atom. All the alkyl groups give the inductive effect. Electronegativity defines an atom's capacity to attract electrons to stabilise it. Fluorine has the highest electronegative character among all the halogens.
Note: It is to be noted that there is a difference between resonance and electromeric effect. The electromeric effect defines a complete shifting of pi electrons in the presence of a reagent. The nature of this effect is temporary. When the reagent is removed, the pi bond again gets reformed.
Recently Updated Pages
JEE Main 2021 July 25 Shift 1 Question Paper with Answer Key

JEE Main 2021 July 22 Shift 2 Question Paper with Answer Key

JEE Atomic Structure and Chemical Bonding important Concepts and Tips

JEE Amino Acids and Peptides Important Concepts and Tips for Exam Preparation

JEE Electricity and Magnetism Important Concepts and Tips for Exam Preparation

Chemical Properties of Hydrogen - Important Concepts for JEE Exam Preparation

Trending doubts
JEE Main 2025 Session 2: Application Form (Out), Exam Dates (Released), Eligibility, & More

Atomic Structure - Electrons, Protons, Neutrons and Atomic Models

Displacement-Time Graph and Velocity-Time Graph for JEE

JEE Main 2025: Derivation of Equation of Trajectory in Physics

Learn About Angle Of Deviation In Prism: JEE Main Physics 2025

Types of Solutions

Other Pages
JEE Advanced Marks vs Ranks 2025: Understanding Category-wise Qualifying Marks and Previous Year Cut-offs

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 1 Solutions

Solutions Class 12 Notes: CBSE Chemistry Chapter 1

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 6 Haloalkanes and Haloarenes

NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 2 Electrochemistry

Electrochemistry Class 12 Notes: CBSE Chemistry Chapter 2
