Question

The following conditions are seen in which defect of vision?
a. The vision is clear up to a distance of few meters
b. It may occur due to elongation of eyeball
c. The image of the object is formed in front of the retina

A. Myopia
B. Cataract
C. Presbyopia
D. Hypermetropia

Answer 1

Hint: The first condition means that the eye can only see nearby objects. The main reason is that the image is formed even before the rays from the object reach the retina. This means that the person is suffering from nearsightedness or myopia.

Complete step by step answer:
In myopia the shape of the lens is distorted or the eyeball elongates in such a way that the virtual image formation happens before the retina. Hence the object has to be brought closer to make it form an image on the retina. So, we see that the defects that are mentioned in the question are due to myopia

Hence option (A) is correct.

Additional information: The symptoms of myopia are objects in a distance appear blurring and close objects appear normal, headache and eye strain. Severe myopia can cause Glaucoma, cataract and retinal detachment. It is caused due to spending more time indoors or in front of display screens such as Television, Mobile phone etc., it may be because of genetic factors. Myopia can be treated by using a concave lens whereas Hypermetropia (long sightedness) can be corrected using a convex lens.

Note:
In case one doesn’t remember the scientific names of near and far-sightedness. Then remember “Myopia” is a small word $ \to $ “nearsightedness and “Hypermetropia” which is a long word $ \to $ “farsightedness. Basically, a smaller distance corresponds to a smaller word.