Question

State the type of bonding in the following molecules: Hydrogen Chloride

Answer 1

Hint: It is found that an ionic bond is formed between a metal and a non-metal whereas a covalent bond is formed between two nonmetals. This concept is useful to find the answer to the given question.

Complete Step by Step Answer:
Hydrogen chloride, a hydride of chloride, is also known as hydrochloric acid. It is a strong acid used in many chemical synthesis. Hydrogen chloride is formed due to the reaction of hydrogen atom and chlorine atom.

Hydrogen atoms contain only one electron in its valence shell and chlorine atom also contains one electron less from noble gas configuration in its valence shell, so hydrogen and chlorine atoms share their electrons and form a covalent bond between them. Thus covalent bond is present between hydrogen chloride.

Additional Information: Chlorine is a group $17$ element. It is also known as halogen element. It generally exists as a gas at room temperature. It is a greenish-yellow colored gas and has the atomic number of $17$ . Iodine is a group $17$ elements. It is also known as halogen element. It generally exists as a gas at room temperature. Hydrogen chloride can easily donate its hydrogen atom and acts as a strong acid.

Note: In hydrogen chloride the electronegativity difference between the hydrogen and chlorine atoms is low so, it does not form hydrogen bonds. Again due to the presence of strong electronegative fluorine atoms hydrogen fluoride forms hydrogen bonding.