Question

What is the difference between Allyl and Alkyl?

Answer 1

Hint: Alkyl and allyl both are organic moiety and consist of Carbon and Hydrogen atoms. The allyl group is more reactive than the alkyl group.

Complete Step by Step Solution:
When Hydrogen is removed from any alkane series it forms alkyl. For example- if Hydrogen is removed from Methane, then it will become a methyl group.

An allyl is an unsaturated group that is the substituents with the formula \[C{H_2} = CH - C{H_2}R\] where R is an alkyl group. It consists of a methylene bridge \[\left( { - C{H_2} - } \right)\] that is attached to a Vinyl group \[\left( { - CH = C{H_2}} \right)\] .

Allyl is \[s{p^3}\] hybridised that is attached to the \[s{p^2}\] hybridised Vinylic Carbon whereas Alkyl is purely \[s{p^3}\] hybridised. The reactivity of Allyl Carbon is more than Alkyl as well as Vinylic Carbon as Allyl Carbon forms a more stable Carbocation.
Alkyls are generally represented as \[{C_n}{H_{2n + 1}}\] whereas Allyls are represented\[C{H_2} = CH - C{H_2}R\] where R is an alkyl group.

Additional information: When one Hydrogen atom is removed from the Benzene ring it will lead to the formation of the Aryl group and thus Benzene can easily undergo Nucleophilic substitution reaction and Electrophilic substitution reaction.

Note: Alkyl are found freely in the form of cations, anions, and radicals. They are generally found as the reaction intermediates and are highly unstable and thus, readily undergo reactions. The vinyl functional group can be made after removing a Hydrogen molecule from an Ethylene molecule and thus the Vinyl group is \[\left( { - CH = C{H_2}} \right)\]. When any substituent is attached to the Allyl group, they form a very stable compound like Allyl alcohol, Allyl chloride, and many other metal complexes.