Question

Aniline on treatment with excess of bromine water gives:
A. Aniline Bromide
B. o-bromoaniline
C. p-bromoaniline
D. Benzene

Answer 1

Hint: Aniline acts as a strong base in acidic solution. It can donate its electron pair. Aniline has a basic amine or $NH_2$ group attached with benzene ring. The amine group is a electron donating group or $+I$ effect group.



Formula Used:

Complete step-by-step answer:In aniline the amine group attached to benzene ring is a strong electron donating group or $+I$ effect group. It is a ortho-para detecting group that means it direct the incoming electrophile to attack at ortho or para position of benzene ring.
Water is a polar solvent which activates the amine group of aniline so much that on treatment with bromine water the electrophile or the bromine atom attacks the two ortho and one para positions at a time and gives $2,4,6-tribromoaniline$ as a major product.
The bromination reaction of aniline in presence of excess bromine water is given as follows-

In this reaction aniline reacts with excess bromine water to produce $2,4,6-tribromoaniline$ as a major product with the minor product three moles of hydrogen bromide.



Option ‘ ’ is correct

Additional Information:

Note: Bromination reaction is an aromatic electrophilic substitution reaction where an electrophile attacks a benzene ring. If any electron donating group is connected with the benzene ring then reactivity of the benzene ring increases. Again if any electron withdrawing group is connected with the benzene ring then reactivity of the benzene ring decreases.