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ICSE Class 10 Chemistry Revision Notes Chapter 9 - Study of Compounds: Ammonia

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Last updated date: 17th Mar 2024
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Revision Notes for ICSE Class 10 Chemistry Chapter 9 - Free PDF Download

Free PDF download of Class 10 Chemistry Chapter 9 - Study of Compounds: Ammonia Revision Notes & Short Key-notes prepared by our expert Chemistry teachers as per CISCE guidelines. To register Chemistry Tuitions on Vedantu.com to clear your doubts.


Class 10 Chapter 9 Revision Notes from Vedantu are beneficial for students as it helps them grasp the concepts clearly and more easily. These notes are created by subject matter experts, making sure that all the information provided is factually correct and in an easy to understand language that 

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Class 10 Chemistry Revision Notes Chapter 9 - Study of Compounds: Ammonia

The formula for liquid ammonia is NH3. It is liquified ammonia and it is basic. It gets dissolved in water to produce ammonium hydroxide which gets ionised to produce hydroxyl ions.


NH3 + H2O → NH4OH


NH4OH → NH4+ + OH-


Therefore it gets converted into red litmus blue and phenolphthalein solution pink.


It has a balanced chemical equation for lab preparation and that is


2NH4Cl + Ca(OH)2 → CACl2 + 2H2O +2NH3


How is Ammonia Produced?

Ammonia is usually produced in the lab by passing through a drying tower containing the lumps of quicklime that is  CaO. Ammonia cannot get collected over the water because it is not soluble in the water. The drying agent that is used is CaO and other dying agents that are used  P2O5 and CaCl2 are not used because ammonia is basic and reacts with them.


Ammonia is usually prepared by the process which is known as Haber Process. The optimum temperature which is required for the reaction is 450-500 degrees Celsius and above 200 atm pressure which leads to the division of iron as the catalyst and there would be traces of  molybdenum or Al2O3 


N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3 + heat


Dry Nitrogen 

Dry nitrogen, as well as dry hydrogen, is used in the ratio of 1:3. Hydrogen is generally produced from the water gas by the Bosch process.


The presence of high pressure leads to reaction and the formation of ammonia and the two ways or methods by which NH3 is produced are by removing it from the unreacted N2 and H2 and that happens as;


a. Liquefaction that means NH3 is easily liquefiable.


b. Absorbing in water: As ammonia is highly soluble in water and finally the rate of reaction increases because of the divided iron.


To increase the efficiency of the catalyst, molybdenum acts as a promoter.


To have more ammonia the unchanged nitrogen and hydrogen are recirculated through the plant and by the process of recirculating, there would be a yield of 98 per cent.


Ammonium compounds are highly soluble in water so they do not occur as minerals and there is no usage of ammonium nitrate in the preparation of the ammonia because it is highly explosive and it decomposes by producing nitrous oxide and water vapour.


Concentrated  H2SO4 is not used to dry ammonia as ammonia is basic and reacts with them.


2NH3 + H2SO4 → (NH4)2SO4


There is the use of calcium hydroxide in excessive amounts to mix the ammonium chloride properly. The flask is put in a slatting way because of the formation of the water and it does not trickle back into the heated flask.


For Revision Notes for Chapter 9 Class 10, visit Vedantu. The revision notes are created by the subject matter experts and help students easily prepare for their exams. Available for free, these notes can also be downloaded in PDF format. 


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FAQs on ICSE Class 10 Chemistry Revision Notes Chapter 9 - Study of Compounds: Ammonia

1. Give reasons for the following:


(a) The usage of liquid ammonia is basically as a refrigerant in ice plants.


(b) The aqueous solution is used for removing the grease stains from the woollen clothes.


(c) Aqueous solution gives a pungent smell.


(d) Aqueous solution of ammonia conducts electricity.

(a) Liquid ammonia is used as a refrigerant in the case of ice plants. Evaporation needs heat energy, and when liquid ammonia vaporizes, it absorbs large quantities of heat without changing its temperature and therefore ammonia is widely used as a refrigerant.


(b) The use of ammonia for removing grease stains and others because it dissolves them.


(c) Ammonia is produced with the help of the bacterial decomposition of urea, so ammonia has a pungent smell.


(d) An aqueous solution is a weak electrolyte. It gets segregated to partially produce hydroxyl ions, and ions conduct electricity and therefore the aqueous solution of ammonia leads to the conduction of electricity.

2. Choose from the brackets and complete the following sentences and write balanced equations for the same.


a. Ammonium chloride is a soluble salt that is prepared by …………  (precipitation, neutralization).


b. None of these

a. Neutralization 

Ammonium chloride is a soluble salt that is essentially produced by neutralization.


Ammonium chloride is defined as an inorganic compound and has the chemical formula of NH4Cl


b. Thermal Decomposition 

When ammonium chloride is heated,  thermal decomposition occurs. 

Ammonium chloride undergoes thermal dissociation when heated to form ammonia and hydrogen chloride. 


c. Ammonia 

When ammonium chloride is heated with sodium hydroxide, ammonia is produced.


When ammonium chloride usually gets heated with caustic soda then there is the formation of three products produced, namely sodium chloride, ammonia, and water.

3. a. A reddish-brown precipitate is produced during the time of addition of ammonium hydroxide to ferrous sulfate.


b. NH3 is a liquid ammonia solution.


c. It gets divided into platinum and is utilized in the Haber process.


d. The drying agent for NH3 is concentrated H2SO4


e. During the process of heating, the ammonium salts get decomposed to produce ammonia.

a. In the manner of including ammonium hydroxide to ferrous chloride and a reddish-brown precipitate is produced.


b The answer for NH3 is Aqueous ammonia 


c. The segregated ion or divided iron is used withinside the Haber manner.


d. The drying agent for NH3 is CaO.


Ammonium chloride seems too elegant upon heating however it truly decomposes into ammonia and hydrogen chloride gas. Ammonium chloride generally gets reacted with sodium hydroxide, to launch ammonia gas: 


NH4Cl+NaOH NH3+NaCl+H2O