CBSE Class 10 Science Revision Notes Chapter 8 - How do Organisms Reproduce?

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CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 8 - How do Organisms Reproduce? Revision Notes - Free PDF Download

Chapter 10 in Science deals with the topic of 'How do organisms reproduce'. This chapter primarily discusses the reproductive system in living organisms and the types of reproductive systems, in particular. It shows the different methods of reproductive systems in plants and animals and distinguishes between asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction.

Class 10 Science Chapter 8 notes further elaborates on the male reproductive system and the female reproductive system. The chapter lays down the various intricacies associated with it and other related aspects. Vedantu is a platform that provides free CBSE Solutions (NCERT) and other study materials for students. Maths Students who are looking for the better solutions, they can download Class 10 Maths NCERT Solutions to help you to revise complete syllabus and score more marks in your examinations.

Chapter 8 Science Class 10 Notes – Free PDF Download

The chapter on reproduction of organisms will be introduced to the students for the first time. It becomes necessary that students gain a clear idea about the relevant concepts. While preparing, students may require short keynotes or revision notes. Further reference materials may be needed to make the understanding of concepts easier. Should a student feel the need for such materials, one can easily download the free PDF materials available over Vedantu's website.

Class 10 Science Chapter 8 Notes

Several important aspects of the chapter are discussed in Class 10th Science Chapter 8 notes. Some of those are:

Importance of Variation in Species

Body design features from parent to offspring are preserved with the consistency present in DNA copying. However, it may so happen that changes in existing environmental conditions may need variation to occur in species. Without that, it could be that a particular species may go extinct. Hence, variation is also important for species for survival.

Types of Reproduction

There are two types of reproduction – (1) asexual mode of reproduction, and (2) sexual mode of reproduction.

In the asexual mode of reproduction, it is a single organism that creates the next generation of species. On the other hand, in sexual reproduction, two organisms are needed for creating the offspring.

It is important to note that reproduction in unicellular organisms and multicellular organisms is markedly different. More often than not, asexual reproduction takes place unicellular organisms. Such reproduction can happen through any of the following methods:

Fission – DNA is duplicated into two parts.
Fragmentation – Organisms when mature break up into smaller pieces.
Regeneration – Fully differentiated organisms are giving rise to individual organisms.
Budding – Detachment of bud for developing into a separate organism.
Vegetative Propagation – New plants created from vegetative parts of existing plants.
Spore Formation – Spores bursting out of sporangia develop into new individuals.

Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Sexual reproduction in flowering plants takes place with the joining of male pollen and female eggs. The male reproductive part is the stamen which produced pollen grains. The female reproductive part is the carpel, from which ovules generate from the ovary.

Reproduction in Human Beings

As mentioned in Class 10 Science Chapter 8 notes, the male reproductive system includes testis, vas deferens and the muscular organ, penis. The male gamete, sperms, are generated from testes. The movement of sperm happens through the vas deferens.

On the other hand, the female reproductive system consists of ovaries, oviducts, uterus and vagina opening out through the urethra. The female gametes, eggs, are developed within the ovaries. The movement of eggs happens through a thin oviduct or fallopian tube.

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CBSE Class 10 Science Revision Notes Chapter 8 How do Organisms Reproduce part-1

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FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions)

1. What is Fission in Reproduction?

Ans. Fission, as discussed in How do organisms reproduce Class 10 notes, is the separation of a single body into two new bodies by duplication of the genetic material of the organism. In the process of fission, deoxyribonucleic acid undergoes division to form two parts. The second process is termed as cytokinesis. Binary fission is an example of asexual reproduction and organisms falling under Bacteria and Archaea exhibits this type of reproduction process.

2. What are the Benefits of Vegetative Propagation?

Ans. The most prominent advantages of vegetative propagation have been outlined in Class 10 Science Chapter 8 notes. One of the major benefits is that the new plants will retain the genetic material of a single parent. It means that if specific desirable traits have been identified in the parent plant, the same will be replicated in the offspring as well. However, for that to happen, growing conditions have to be kept the same.

Notes of Chapter 8 Science Class 10 also mentions that in the case of vegetative propagation, the immature seedling phase is bypassed. Such development helps in reaching the mature phase faster.

3. What is Meant by Spore Formation?

Ans. Spore formation has been explained lucidly in Class 10 Chapter 8 Science notes. It is a process of asexual reproduction exhibited by plants such as moss, ferns, fungi etc.

Spores are essentially reproductive bodies which are unicellular. Those are present in a sac-like structure known as sporangia. On attaining maturity, spores burst out from sporangia and transmitted to various places with the help of wind, air or water.

4. What is the Function of Pollination in Plant Reproduction?

Ans. Ch 8 Class 10 Science notes discuss pollination as the procedure of transmitting pollen from the male part of a flower, anther, to the female part of a flower, stigma. However, it must be noted in this regard that such happens between a male part of one flower to the female part of another flower. With pollination, a seed is produced from fertilised flowers, leading to the formation of fruit.