NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science Contemporary India

Geography has always been more than just a part of social science. It gives you all the information about different countries, the environment, climatic conditions and whatnot at one destination. It describes our planet, country and surroundings in a way like we are actually living the experience. However, some students find it difficult to even learn the basic concept let alone mastering it. If you find yourself on the same wavelength, then Vedantu is the perfect place for you. We will provide you with an effective teaching platform which will make your learning process smoother and easier. Our aim is to help every student achieve his/her academic goal, thereby, we impart knowledge using quick tricks and simple methods. You can go through our Contemporary India Class 9 PDF and reviews of the students which are a testimony to our quality work.

Chapter 1: India - Size and Location

The land routes from India to other parts of the world and how these old passages have contributed in exchange of ideas and commodities and more have been explored in the chapter. This chapter of Contemporary India Geography Class 9 mentions the landmass of the country, its boundaries and its Longitudinal & latitudinal extent. Moreover, you will also learn how the standard time is decided in the whole country despite having a lag of two hours between Gujarat and Arunachal Pradesh. 

The book starts with the chapter revolving around India, its neighbouring countries, the size of the nation, location on the globe and more. Till now, you have learned about an ancient civilization in India and the growth toward modern society. Your earlier classes and chapters have discussed India after Independence and how it progressed over the years. There has been significant growth in the field of agriculture, technology, industry and economy. Now, let’s get familiar with where it is exactly located. The country is located in the Northern Hemisphere and the land extends from 8°4'N and 37°6'N latitudes and 68°7'E and 97°25'E longitudes.

Next, you will study about Tropic of Cancer and how it divides the country into two equal parts. The location of Andaman and Nicobar Islands along with Lakshadweep is also the topics covered here. Once you are done with India, we will move on to its location with respect to other countries. Getting the hang of geographical and historical links of India can be time-consuming and difficult. However, with CBSE NCERT SST Solution Class 9, your learning will be simple, smooth and quick.

Chapter 2: Physical Features of India

This chapter discusses the formation of these different features. You can find different varieties of rocks in the country but what causes this variation? Well, it can be due to weathering, erosion and deposition resulted in the present form of India. Now that you are familiar with the size, location and neighbouring countries of India, let’s get acquainted with the physical formation of the country. Being a vast nation, it has almost all physical features, including mountains, islands, plateaus, deserts and plain. Moreover, some earth scientists explain the changes using various theories, out of which “Theory of Plate Tectonics” is the important one. You will get to know about the movements of plates, how they lead to volcanoes and changes in the size and position of the continent. Download Contemporary India Class 9 PDF from the official website of Vedantu and get access to our study material anytime, anywhere. Now, you will move on to the six major physiographic divisions of India, namely:

1. The Himalayan Mountains

2. The Northern Plains

3. The Peninsular Plateau

4. The Indian Desert

5. The Coastal Plains

6. The Islands

You will discover all the details, facts and features about them in this chapter. No doubt that you will have a lot of information to learn by the time you finish reading it and memorizing them might be a hard nut to crack. However, with us at your assistance, you will master the topics within no time.

Chapter 3: Drainage

The next chapter talks about the drainage system in India and how it is controlled by rivers and other physical features. As a majority of the population depends on rivers for livelihood, hence, we can conclude that these water bodies play a primary role in our economy. However, with the increasing use of rivers, the quality of water is decreasing gradually. You know that small streams come together to form a river which ultimately drains into a large body of water body, such as an ocean or lake. The area drained by these water bodies is called drainage basin and the uplands that separate two basins are known as water divide. Of course, rivers play a crucial role in controlling these drainage systems in India and are divided into the Himalayan and Peninsular rivers. Both of these rivers have a lot of differences, for example, the former is perennial, i.e., the water flows throughout the years while the latter is seasonal. 

Apart from this, there are various other points of differentiation that you will study in here. To know more about these two different rivers, subscribe to our NCERT Contemporary India 1 Class 9 PDF. Moving on, you will read about three major Himalayan Rivers - The Indus, The Ganga and The Brahmaputra along with other details, such as from where they rise, areas that they flow through, their tributaries, etc. This is followed by the Peninsular Rivers which include major rivers, such as Krishna, Godavari, Mahanadi, the Kaveri, all of which flow into the Bay of Bengal. The chapter discusses the areas they rise from, they flow over, a water system that the drain into and their tributaries. 

The latter sections of the chapter cover different lakes in India which are the result of glaciers and ice sheets or form by wind, human activities and rivers. Water from rivers is a natural resource and humans consume it for their survival and daily needs, such as drinking, washing, irrigation, power generation, etc. Despite several attempts from the government and authorities, there are no concrete results. You can read more about water pollution and measures to resolve this issue on our Class 9 Contemporary India 1 course.

Chapter 4: Climate

After reading about physical features and drainage system of India, you will learn about the third element of the natural environment, i.e, Climate. Have you ever thought about why it’s extremely hot in June and July and why you feel cold in December? How these particular months are decided for the specific weather? If yes, then you will get answers to all your queries in this chapter. When we talk about the weather, it is the atmospheric condition for a long period, on the other hand, the climate is the combination of weather variations. Both the concepts have the same elements, such as temperature, wind, atmospheric pressure and precipitation. Although there are fluctuations in the weather in a day, based on some patterns to divide the monthly atmospheric conditions, such as summer, winter, windy, autumn, etc. India is known to have a monsoon climate which is common in the south and Southeast Asia. 

Further, you will discuss temperature and precipitation and how they vary in different parts of the country. This chapter 4 of Contemporary India Textbook for Geography for Class ix throws light on six major climatic controls and the factors affecting climate in India which includes latitude, altitude, wind and pressure. How monsoon was discovered in India and facts to understand the complete mechanism are also the topic of discussion. The monsoon stays for a specific duration and when it arrives or retreats, there are changes in rainfall and weather conditions. Apart from this, there are four other main seasons in the country - winter, summer, rainy and transition. You will get to know about their respective features and how it affects different states and cities are India. 

Once you are done with the lesson, you will find some unsolved questions at the end to evaluate your knowledge. Answer them appropriately and if you get stuck at any point, seek assistance from Vedantu’s Social Science Contemporary India Class 9 Solutions.

Chapter 5: Natural Vegetation and WildLife

India is counted as one of the mega biodiversity countries in the world. You need not even ask why is that, simply look around and you will see numerous types of plants, bushes, trees and birds. To give you approximate numbers, there are about 47,000 plant species and 89,000 animal species. Generally, the flora is the word used to signify plants and fauna is to refer to animals. If you visit other states or regions, then you will find that there are a wide range of flora and fauna in the country. It is mainly because of a few factors, such as land, soil, climate, ecosystem, etc. You will get acquainted with all of these and more in this chapter of Contemporary India NCERT. Moreover, five major types of vegetation have also been explained in the chapter which are:

1. Tropical Rain Forests

2. Tropical Deciduous Forests

3. Tropical Thorn Forests and Scrubs

4. Montane Forests

5. Mangrove Forests

Know about the total rainfall, natural vegetation, animals, features and other important facts about these forests. The next topic is Wild Life in India which explores different species of birds and animals that are found in various states and sanctuaries. The role of each species in our ecosystem and why it is essential to conserve them are also mentioned here. There are several threats and dangers to the flora and fauna in our country. However, the government is taking all the necessary steps to protect them. The chapter will end with familiarizing you with all the measures taken by the authorities which will be followed by some questions. Solve them with the help of our NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Contemporary India and stand out for your expert knowledge.

Chapter 6: Population

Till now, you have read about vegetation, climate, resources and a lot more other things. However, could all these be useful if there are no human beings? The resources are meaningless if humans do not use it. We produce and grow them, ultimately helping the economy and society to develop. Hence, it is important that you learn about the population, its size, characteristics and more. The chapter will take you through three major aspects of the population:

Population Size and Distribution: The total population of India is unevenly distributed amongst different states and regions. Some areas are densely populated while others are moderate. So, in this section, you will read about various states and what census reveals about their respective population size.

Population Growth and Processes of Population Change: The size of the population is changing constantly but the three factors that influence it to remain the same - birth, death and migration. Analyze the concept of population growth, its process and what census says about the change over the years.

Characteristics or Qualities of the Population: This part includes age composition which means the total number of people that belong to different age groups and how it affects the economic structure. You will also know about the sex ratio which is the number of women per 1000 men, literacy rate and how it is important for the overall development. The other attributes of the population that are discussed here are health, occupational structure and adolescent population.

With this, you will come to the end of Contemporary India Part 1 syllabus. We understand that grasping so many topics in one go is not a cakewalk. Therefore, our subject experts have prepared study material and notes that will explain every topic in a simple language. You will find each and every concept with step by step explanation here. Simply download Contemporary India Class 9 PDF and study at your convenience.

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