Class 7 Science Chapter 10 Solutions: Life Processes in Plants

1. Multiple choice questions.

1. Which pigment in the leaves helps capture sunlight efficiently for photosynthesis?

• (a) Hemoglobin
• (b) Chlorophyll
• (c) Melanin
• (d) Myoglobin

Answer: (b) Chlorophyll.

2. Answer the following questions in about 30 words.

1. What changes do you observe in a plant as it grows?

Answer: As a plant grows, new leaves and branches appear, the height of the plant increases, and the stem becomes thicker. These changes are caused by water, sunlight, and nutrients taken up by the roots for growth.

2. How do plants get their food for growth?

Answer: Plants do not eat food like animals. They make their own food by photosynthesis in leaves using water, sunlight, carbon dioxide, and chlorophyll. They store this food as starch, which is a type of carbohydrate.

3. What is the role of the xylem in plants?

Answer: Xylem is a transport tissue in plants that helps carry water and minerals from the roots to the leaves and other parts of the plant, allowing the plant to perform photosynthesis and grow.

4. How do plants respire?

Answer: Plants respire by using oxygen to break down glucose, releasing carbon dioxide, water, and energy. This process occurs in all parts of the plant and is essential for growth and development.

3. Answer the following questions in about 150 words.

1. Explain the process of photosynthesis in plants.

Answer: Photosynthesis is a process by which green plants make their own food. It occurs in the leaves, which contain a pigment called chlorophyll. For photosynthesis, plants need water (from soil), carbon dioxide (from air), sunlight, and chlorophyll. Chlorophyll absorbs sunlight, which provides the energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into carbohydrates like starch, with oxygen being released as a by-product. This food is then transported to all other parts of the plant through the phloem. Photosynthesis is essential because it allows plants to produce the nutrients required for their growth and also releases oxygen into the atmosphere.

2. Describe how water and food are transported in plants.

Answer: In plants, there are special tissues for the transportation of water, minerals, and food. The xylem transports water and minerals absorbed by the roots to the leaves and other parts. In the leaves, photosynthesis produces carbohydrates, which are then transported to all parts of the plant by another tissue called phloem. The food can be stored in roots, stems, and seeds. This system ensures that every part of the plant receives the water, minerals, and food necessary for growth and survival.

3. What is respiration in plants and why is it necessary?

Answer: Respiration in plants is the process by which plants use oxygen to break down glucose (produced during photosynthesis) and release carbon dioxide, water, and energy. This process occurs in both green and non-green portions of the plant. The energy released during respiration is used by plants for various life processes such as growth, repair, and development. Without respiration, plants would not be able to utilize the food they make for their metabolic activities and overall survival.

4. Match the following.

Key Life Processes in Plants: Photosynthesis, Transport, Respiration

Understanding life processes in plants helps students master topics like photosynthesis, transport of water, and respiration. Focusing on these processes strengthens your basics for Class 7 Science Chapter 10 and prepares you for exams with confidence.

Mastering photosynthesis and how plants get nutrients is crucial for after-class quizzes and tests. Always practice diagrams and key terms like xylem, phloem, and chlorophyll to make your answers stand out.

Practice NCERT Chapter 10 regularly and review transport in plants and plant respiration to boost your marks. Staying consistent with revision ensures you cover the most important concepts for the NCERT 2025-26 exam.