Question

Which of the following chemical bonds is present between H and Cl in HCl?
(This question has multiple correct answers)
A.Ionic bond
B.Coordinate covalent bond
C.Non – covalent bond
D.Polar covalent bond

Answer 1

Hint: To solve this question, we must first understand the nature and characteristics of the types of bonds mentioned in the options given, then we must consider the case of formation of HCl and then correlate it with the options.

Complete Step-by-Step Answer:
Before we move forward with the solution of this question, let us first understand some basic important concepts.
1.Ionic bonds: ionic bonds are formed when there is a direct transfer of electrons from one atom to another to satisfy the octet state of both these atoms. Ionic bonds result in the formation of ions. The positive ion formed is known as cation while the negative ion formed is known as the anion. The charges of these ions cancel out each other. Hence there is no net charge formed on ionic compounds.
2.Coordinate covalent bond: Coordinate covalent bonds are formed when two atoms share their valence electrons to satisfy their octet states. There is no charge transfer that takes place in the formation of covalent bonds. Hence the net charge on the compound thus formed is zero.
3.Non – covalent bond: Non - covalent bonds are also known as hydrogen bonds. These bonds do not involve sharing of electrons, but instead involve more dispersed variations of electromagnetic interactions between molecules or within a molecule.
4.Polar covalent bonds: Polar covalent bonds are partly ionic in nature. This means that these compounds exhibit properties of both covalent and ionic compounds. Polar covalent bonds are formed due to the high difference in the electronegativity of constituent atoms.
HCl is formed by the sharing of electrons between the hydrogen atom and the chlorine atom. Now the electronegativity difference between these two atoms is significantly high. This leads in the partly ionic character in the bond. Hence, the chemical bond present between H and Cl in HCl is polar covalent bond.
Hence, Option D is the correct option

Note: The electronegativity difference between H and Cl is a bit high, with Cl having a higher electronegativity. Due to this, the Cl atom pulls the pair of electrons more towards itself causing a slight charge to develop on the atoms in the molecule. The hydrogen becomes slightly positive while the Chlorine becomes slightly negative thereby forming a POLAR COVALENT BOND.