Question

The "saponification value" of an oil or fat is measured in term of
A. $N{{H}_{4}}OH$
B. $NaOH$
C. $KOH$
D. ${{C}_{6}}{{H}_{5}}OH$

Answer 1

Hint: To answer this question we have to know about the saponification value of fat and oil. The saponification value of oil is defined as the number of one milligram of potassium hydroxide required to neutralise one gram of the oil or fat obtained by the hydrolysis of the sample.

Complete Step by Step Solution:
The saponification value of oil is defined as the number of one milligram of potassium hydroxide required to neutralise one gram of the oil or fat obtained by the hydrolysis of the sample.

Thus the saponification value of an oil or fat is measured in terms of weight of $KOH$. The saponification value of an oil or fat is determined by titrating a solution of the oil or fat in the diethyl ether with potassium hydroxide. Thus we can write that the saponification value of an oil or fat is measured in terms of weight of $KOH$. .
Thus the correct option is C.

Additional information: An oil is a nonpolar substance. It is composed primarily of hydrocarbons. It can be both hydrophobic and lipophilic. Oils are usually flammable and surface active substances. Most of the oils are unsaturated lipids that are present as a liquid at room temperature. Fats have the same property as oil but it exists as a solid at room temperature. Both fat and oil are made of glycerol.

Note: The saponification value of oil and fat is determined using potassium hydroxide. The long chain fatty acids of oil have a low saponification value due to low carboxylic acid group.