Question

The electrical charges generated by rubbing is:
(A) Electricity
(B) Static charge
(C) Both a and b
(D) None of the above

Answer 1

Hint: Electric charge is the result of excess or insufficiency of electrons (negatively charged particles) as compared to protons (positively charged particles). It can be achieved by the process of rubbing two materials against each other, during which the electrons migrate from one material to another.

Complete step by step solution:
 Static electricity can be created by rubbing one object against another object. This is because the rubbing releases negative charges, called electrons, which can build up on one object to produce a static charge.
The migration of electrons depends very much on the properties of materials rubbed against each other and happens only if one of the materials is a stronger holder of its electrons than another.
It should be added that, unlike heavy protons, that are carriers of positive electric charge, light negatively charged electrons are always moving inside the material forming an "electron cloud" and, therefore, can migrate from from one material to another during rubbing, if forces that hold electrons inside one of the materials are significantly stronger than corresponding forces of the other.

Hence, (B) is correct.

Note: Some objects can be charged by rubbing with other objects.
1. There are two kinds of charges - positive charge and negative charge.
2. Like charges repel and unlike charges attract each other.
3. The electrical charges produced by rubbing are called static charges.
4. When charges move, they constitute an electric current.
5. An electroscope may be used to detect whether a body is charged or not.
6. The process of transfer of charge from a charged object to the earth is called earthing.
7. The process of electric discharge between clouds and the earth or between different clouds causes lightning.