Question

If the molecular weight of a compound is increased, then sensitivity is decreased in which of the following methods:
(A) Elevation in boiling point
(B) Viscosity
(C) Osmosis
(D) Dialysis

Answer 1

Hint: All the given phenomena given in the options occur in surface chemistry. Surface chemistry is the study of the chemical reactions that take place at the contact point of two surfaces, such as solid-liquid, solid-gas, solid-vacuum, liquid-gas, etc.

Complete Step by Step Answer:
If the molecular weight of a compound is increased, then sensitivity is decreased in the method of dialysis. Dialysis is the method of removing a dissolved substance from a colloidal solution through membrane diffusion. The idea behind dialysis is that ions can pass through semi-permeable membranes but colloidal particles cannot.

Any colloidal solution is taken in a cell phone or parchment-based bag. In the water, the bag is hanging. The pure colloidal solution stays in the dialysis unit while the electrolyte impurities slowly diffuse outside. Dialysis is the process of diffusing through a suitable membrane to separate crystalloid particles from colloidal particles.
Correct Option: (D) Dialysis

Note: When a solute is added, the boiling point of a solvent rises. This is known as boiling point elevation. The solution formed when a non-volatile solute is dissolved in a solvent has a higher boiling point than the solvent itself. Viscosity is a measure of a fluid's flow resistance. The minimum pressure which is required to be applied to the solution to prevent the inward flow of the solvent across a semipermeable membrane is known as osmotic pressure. This process is known as osmosis.