Question

If the electronic configuration of M=2,8,3 and that of A=2,8,7, the formula of the compound is
A.\[{{M}_{2}}{{A}_{3}}\]
B.\[M{{A}_{2}}\]
C.\[{{M}_{2}}A\]
D.\[M{{A}_{3}}\]
E.\[{{M}_{3}}A\]

Answer 1

Hint: In ionic bonding at least 1 electron can be contributed or accepted to fulfill the octet rule.
The positive and negative charge is according to the no.of electrons contributed or accepted.
In this, the total charge of the compound must be zero.

Complete step by step solution:There are numerous classifications of chemical bonds and intermolecular forces that tie molecules together.
The primary types are ionic or covalent.
In ionic bonding, atoms give electrons to each other.
One atom involved acts as an electron donor and one electron acceptor.
But atoms with identical electronegativity share electrons in covalent bonds as neither atom preferentially attracts or repels the shared electrons.
Here we are given the electronic configuration of M=2,8,3 and that of A=2,8,7.
We have to find out the formula of the compound.
Here ionic bonding is happening.
There are 3 and 7 electrons in the outermost shell of M and A respectively.
Here M is the metal, if it loses 3 electrons then its outermost shell will have 8 electrons.
So, M will attain noble gas configuration and satisfy the octet rule.
A has 7 electrons in its valence shell which will accept one electron to attain noble gas configuration.
So, M will have a +3 charge and A will have a -1 charge.
So, for one\[{{M}^{+3}}\] ion, there will be three\[{{A}^{-}}\] ions as the total charge of the compound must be zero.
So, the formula of the ionic compound is\[M{{A}_{3}}\].

So, option D is correct.

Note: The energy required for the ionic bonding process is typically positive which implies that the reaction is endothermic and unfavorable.
But this reaction is favorable due to the electrostatic attraction between the particles.
At the given interatomic distance, the attraction between these particles furnishes sufficient energy to stimulate the reaction.