Gujarat Board Class 12 Biology Last 5 Year Question Paper
Last 5 Year Question Paper for (GSEB) Gujarat Board Class 12 Biology
FAQs on Last 5 Year Question Paper for (GSEB) Gujarat Board Class 12 Biology
1. What do you mean by Nutrient Cycle?
A repeated pathway of nutrients or elements from the environment through one or more organisms and back to the environment is known as the Nutrient Cycle. This cyclic pattern of nutrient flow is also known as the biogeochemical cycle. Some examples are the carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles. These are essential for sustaining all living organisms. Three types of Nutrient Cycle are observed in an ecosystem, they are-
a.Gaseous Cycles that represent the pathway cycle of non-mineral chemicals like the Nitrogen cycle, Carbon cycle, Hydrogen cycle, and Oxygen cycle.
b.Sedimentary Cycles that include mineral chemicals such as Phosphorus and Sulphur cycles.
c.Hydrological Cycle that represents the water cycle.
2. Why are Eichhornia crassipes known as "Terror Of Bengal"?
Eichhornia crassipes are commonly known as water hyacinths. It is an aquatic plant considered a severely problematic invasive species outside its native place, the Amazon basin. The plant is nicknamed the "Terror of Bengal" because it grows at an shocking rate and spreads on the water surface very fast. The growth does not allow the light to pass through the water for the organisms inside the water body. It also causes an increase in the oxygen demand, which affects aquatic life.
3. Who discovered the Genetic Code?
Genetic code refers to a trinucleotide sequence on DNA and complementary mRNA. The sequence codes for a specific amino acid and determines the order of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. These codes are the set of rules used by living cells in the body to translate information encoded within genetic material into proteins.
The genetic code was discovered by Marshall Nirenberg, who won the Nobel prize along with Robert W. Holley and Har Gobind Khorana for deciphering the genetic code in 1968. The first code to be decoded by them was UUU which codes for phenylalanine.
4. What is ATP?
ATP stands for adenosine triphosphate and is the energy source for usage and storage at the cellular level of living organisms. The ATP structure consists of a nucleoside triphosphate composed of a nitrogenous base (adenine), ribose sugar, and three serially bonded phosphate groups.
ATP is referred to as the "energy currency" of the cell because it provides readily releasable energy in the bond between the second and third phosphate groups. ATP synthesis occurs mainly during cellular respiration within the mitochondrial matrix, which generates approximately thirty-two ATP molecules per glucose molecule that is oxidised. ATP consumption occurs primarily in ion transport, muscle contraction, and chemical synthesis processes.
5. Which Assisted Reproductive Technology is used to place a mixture of sperm and eggs directly into a woman's fallopian tubes?
Gamete intrafallopian transfer, referred to as GIFT, is used to transfer a combination of sperm and eggs directly into a woman's fallopian tubes using laparoscopy. Eggs are taken off a woman's ovaries and placed inside one of the Fallopian tubes after mixing with the man's sperm. A transvaginal ovum retrieval follows the process.
GIFT is an aid of assisted reproductive technology against infertility. Steptoe and Edwards first attempted the technique. An average of four to six weeks is required to complete a GIFT cycle. Todd Holden was the first GIFT baby in the UK, born in October 1986.