Present Tense

In a sentence, a verb and its form convey the time of the occurrence or the happening. If the verb used conveys the present time, it is a Present tense. For Example-

I sleep.

She runs

It is very important to be sure of which tense your sentence is going to use.  Further, we will discuss the types of Present tense and their rules in detail.

Simple Present Tense

We use the present tense in English grammar to communicate about anything happening right now, or that is true now and at any time. To put it another way, we use the present tense to describe an event occurring right now. The verb form in the simple present tense is the same as the verb's root form. We employ the simple present tense to show a fact or something always true. We use the simple present tense for tasks that we do daily—regularly or habitually—to describe ideas, feelings, views, beliefs, and a planned action or an event that will occur in the future. This tense can also be used with a few adverbs to express something that happens just once in a while.

It is used to convey the repeated actions, Universal truths, occurrences on a daily basis and more.

Positive Sentences

Rule- Subject+ Verb (First Form) + s/es + Object

Examples

• I go to  the School.

• He goes to a temple.

• They go to a temple.

• We go to the Zoo every Sunday.

Negative Sentences

Rule- Sub + do/does + not + verb (first form) +object

Examples

•   I do not go to Church.

• We do not go to Church.

•  You do not go to Church.

• She does not go to Church.

Interrogative Sentences

Rule- Do/Does +not +Verb(First form) +object

Examples

• Do I go to tuition?

• Does she go to tuition?

• Do we go to tuition?

• Do they go to tuition?

Present Continuous Tense

This Tense is used to describe the actions going on in the present. 

Assertive/ Positive Sentences

Rule- Subject + Is/am/are + Verb( First Form)+ Object

Examples

• I am going to play.

• He is going to play.

• We are going to play.

• They are going to play.

Negative Sentences

Rule-  Subject + is/am/are + not + Verb(first form)+ ing+ Object

Examples

•  I am not watching the movie.

• She is not watching the movie.

• They are not watching the movie.

•  You are not watching the movie.

Interrogative Sentences

Rule- Is/am/are+ Subject+ Verb(first form) + ing+ object

Examples

• Am I going to India?

•   Is she going to India?

• Are they going to India?

•   Is John going to India?

Present Perfect Tense

It is used to convey the activity, which is just/recently, completed.The Present Perfect Tense is employed in repeated activities, actions where time is irrelevant, and actions that started in the past but are not yet completed and will most likely conclude in the present as we speak. The present perfect tense can be used in situations such as; for activities or events that began in the past and have continued into the present; to express a completed activity; and to denote a period that has not yet ended.

Positive Sentences

Rule-  Subject+ has/have+ verb(third form) + Object

Examples

• She has done the homework.

•  I have done the homework.

• They have done the homework.

• John has done the homework.

Negative Sentences

Rule- Sub + Has/have not a Verb(third form) +object

Examples

• She has not done the homework.

• They have not done the homework.

• I have not done the homework.

• Sheila has not done the homework.

Interrogative Sentences

Rule – Has/have+ subject+ verb(third form)+ object

Examples

• Has he done the homework?

• Have they done the homework?

• Have I done the homework?

• Have the students done the homework?

Present Perfect Continuous

This tense is used to express the action which started in the past and is still going on in the present.The present perfect continuous tense is used to describe or suggest an event that is now taking place. This tense is used to represent an occurrence that started in the past and will continue. When there is no indication of time, it is sometimes used to describe an activity or event that began in the past and is now only done or over.

This tense denotes a present-tense action that is continuing. In other words, it represents an ongoing action that has not yet been accomplished at the time of speaking. As previously said, when an activity takes place at the time of speaking. This tense is used when a future activity is specified without indicating when it will occur.

Also, when discussing a planned or arranged event or action that is scheduled to occur at a specific time in the future, and in circumstances when the action or event is taking place but not necessarily while we are speaking.

In a changing situation, the present continuous tense is utilized. We employ adverbs like 'always,' which characterize an often occurring action.

Positive Sentences

Rule-  Subject+ has/have+ been+ verb(first form)+ ing+ object

Examples-

• I have been doing the dishes.

• She has been doing the dishes.

• They have been doing the dishes.

• John has been doing the dishes.

Negative Sentences

Rule- Sub+ has/have + not + been + verb( first form)+ ing+ object

Examples-

• I have not been doing the dishes.

• She has not been doing the dishes.

• They have not been doing the dishes.

• Sapna has not been doing the dishes.

Interrogative Sentences

Rule-  Has/have+ sub+ been + verb(first form) + object

Examples 

• Has he been doing the dishes?

• Have they been doing the dishes?

•  Have I been doing the dishes?

• Have they been doing the dishes?

Exercise

I come from an enormous family and recently my parents ___________________________ (DECIDE) that they ___________________________ (SPEND) long enough living in aa huge and crowded house in Delhi. “We ___________________________ (MOVE) to the outskirts”, my father ___________________________ (ANNOUNCE) one morning. “I ___________________________ (SELL) this house and we ___________________________ (LIVE) on a  huge farm”. So last week we ___________________________ (LOAD) all our items into two carriage vans, and for the last few days we ___________________________ (TRY) to accustom ourselves in our new home. Yesterday, my two sisters and I ___________________________ (START) arranging our rooms. Unfortunately, while I ___________________________ (Set) the paintings, one of my brothers ___________________________ (OPEN) the door. Nobody ___________________________ (TELL) him that we ___________________________ (BE) in the room. So instead of setting the room we ___________________________ (SPEND) all morning cleaning the broken frame and glass of the painting. But worse things ___________________________ (HAPPEN) since then. This morning, when I _______________________ (WAKE) up, water ___________________________ (DRIP) through the ceiling next to my study table. We _____________________ (SPENT) the last four hours repairing the roof. It is not all bad news though. The school in the town nearby ___________________________ (CLOSE) down few years ago, and my parents ___________________________ (NOT FIND) another school for us yet.

Answers- Have decided, had spent, are moving, announced, am selling/am going to sell/will sell,  will live/will be living/are going to live, loaded,  have been trying, started, was mixing, opened, told, were, spent.