Question

Barbituric acid and its other derivatives are also known as -
(A) Tranquilizers
(B) Antiseptics
(C) Analgesics
(D) Antipyretics

Answer 1

Hint - To solve this question, first we have to know about barbituric acid and their action. As we know that these are used for their action on the central nervous system, we will be easily able to reach our answer.

Complete answer:
The drugs which act on the central nervous system (CNS) as CNS depressant and help in reducing stress by inducing a sense of well-being are known as tranquilizers. And as we know Barbituric acid and the derivatives perform this action. This is the reason why

Barbituric acid and its derivatives are known as Tranquilizers.
The ones which are used most commonly – Veronal, Seconal and Luminal.
These drugs are also called psychotherapeutic drugs.
Hence, the correct answer is option A. Tranquilizers
They are used as hypnotics, sedatives and anaesthetics though they are known as 'sleeping pills' used as anxiolytics.
The different properties of the various barbiturates depend upon the attached side groups to the ring.
Tranquilizers refers to the drugs that are composed for the treatment of anxiety, fear, tension and disturbances of mind to decrease anxiety level and tension.
It helps to slow down the brain activity and relieve the overactive nerves.
Most of the drugs in this category are central nervous system depressants, which slows down all of the body's necessary functions like breathing and heart rate.

They are specifically used to help calm individuals having severe mental health issues or those who are prone to high anxiety levels.
Also used in psychiatric conditions such as Generalized anxiety disorder, Obsessive compulsive disorder, Panic disorder etc.
Other applications are pre-surgery operations, to induce sleep, or to promote withdrawal symptoms for people undergoing detoxification from alcoholism or any drug addiction.

Note - Many of these can be highly addictive and have the potential of being abused and can lead to Tranquilizer Addiction due to their soothing and sedative effects. Also, once the mind gets habitual, the user needs higher doses for getting the same levels of effects. Hence, this leads to addiction.