Materials Around Us Class 6 Notes: CBSE Science Chapter 6

1. Observing Objects Around Us

Ghulan and Sheeta observe various objects they use daily, such as notebooks and pens. Their teacher, Madam Vidya, helps them explore what these objects are made of.

Every object around us is made of some kind of material, such as paper, metal, plastic, wood, glass, etc. These materials differ in terms of their properties like colour, hardness, shape, and weight.

2. Identifying Materials

Materials are the substances from which objects are made.

Activity 6.1: Students are asked to list objects around them and write down the materials those objects are made of. Example: Chairs made of plastic, books made of paper, bottles made of glass, etc.

By observing objects, students learn that different materials are used for different objects based on the required properties.

3. Grouping Materials Based on Properties

Objects can be grouped based on similarities in their properties. Properties like shape, colour, texture (smooth or rough), hardness (hard or soft), and material type (metal, plastic, etc.) are used to classify objects.

Grouping objects shown in the figure based on properties such as hardness, softness, or shine. This process of grouping is called classification.

For example, soft items like cotton or sponge are classified as soft, while hard objects like stones are grouped as hard.

4. Selection of Materials for Making Objects

Different materials are selected based on the purpose of the object. For example:

A tumbler should be made of a material that can hold water (like glass, plastic, or steel), not one that absorbs water, like paper or cloth.

5. Different Balls for Different Sports

Different sports require balls made from different materials. A cricket ball is hard, while a tennis ball is soft and bounces higher.

6. Properties of Materials

6.1 Appearance: Materials can either have a shiny or dull appearance. Shiny materials like metals (gold, copper) are called lustrous, while dull materials like wood or plastic are non-lustrous.

6.2 Hardness:

Some materials are hard, meaning they cannot be easily scratched or compressed, like stones, iron, or bricks.

Soft materials, like rubber or cotton, can be easily compressed or scratched.

6.3 Transparency:

Transparent materials: Objects like glass, water, and some plastics, through which we can see clearly.

Translucent materials: Objects like butter paper or frosted glass, through which light passes but we cannot see clearly.

Opaque materials: Objects like wood, metal, or cardboard, which do not allow light to pass through.

7. Grouping Objects Based on Similar Properties

Materials can also be grouped based on their common properties, such as:

Shiny (lustrous) or dull (non-lustrous)

Hard or soft

Transparent, translucent, or opaque

8. Importance of Classification

Classification helps in organizing objects in a systematic way. It helps in identifying and selecting materials for making various objects based on their properties.

For example, metals are used for making utensils because they are strong and can withstand heat.

6.3.4 What is Soluble in Water; What is Not?

Water is important because it can dissolve many substances, making it essential for life.

Making ORS (Oral Rehydration Solution)

ORS is a simple mixture used to treat dehydration. It consists of salt, sugar, and water, which dissolves completely. This is an example of soluble substances being useful in daily life.

6.3.5 How Heavy or Light?

Students take three identical cups, filling one with water, one with sand, and another with pebbles. By weighing them, they observe that mass depends on the amount of material in an object.

Objects that weigh more have greater mass.

The heavier an object is, the more mass it contains.

6.3.6 Space and Volume

Volume is the amount of space an object occupies. When students compared two tumblers filled with different levels of water, they saw that both had the same capacity but different volumes of water.

Volume of Liquids: Volume is measured in units like millilitres (mL) or litres (L). For example, water bottles are labeled with their volume (e.g., 500 mL).

6.4 What is Matter?

Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass. All objects around us, whether solid, liquid, or gas, are made of matter.

Mass and Volume are two properties that define matter. Mass is measured in kilograms (kg) and grams (g), while volume is measured in litres (L) and millilitres (mL).

1 kilogram (kg) = 1000 grams (g)

1 litre (L) = 1000 millilitres (mL)

Examples of Matter

Air, water, rocks, metals, and even gases like oxygen are examples of matter. Each of these substances occupies space and has a measurable mass.

Grouping Materials by Properties: By studying their properties (e.g., hardness, transparency), we can classify materials. For example, metals are generally hard and shiny, while plastics are lightweight and soft.

5 Important Topics of Class 6 Science Chapter 6

Importance of Revision Notes for Class 6 Science Chapter 6

• Revision notes help you focus on the most important information from the chapter, so you don't get overwhelmed by too many details.

• They provide a summary of key concepts, making it easier to remember and understand the material.

• Notes often include examples and illustrations that make complex ideas simpler and clearer.

• By regularly reviewing your notes, you reinforce what you’ve learned and improve your retention of the information.

• They help you identify and address any gaps in your understanding before exams.

• Notes are handy for quick revision before tests, allowing you to refresh your memory efficiently.

• They can be used as a reference when you’re working on assignments or projects related to the chapter.

• Having well-organized notes makes studying less stressful and more structured, helping you stay on track with your learning.

Tips for Learning the Class 6 Chapter 6 Science Materials Around Us

• Learn about the various types of materials like metals, plastics, and fabrics. Understanding their properties helps you identify them in different objects.

• Think of everyday items made from different materials, like a metal spoon, a plastic bottle, or a cotton shirt. This connects what you learn to real-life examples.

• Create a chart or table listing different materials and their properties. This visual aid makes it easier to remember and compare them. If you don’t understand something, ask your teacher or classmates to clear up any confusion early on.

• Look around your home and try to identify the materials used in various items. This hands-on practice reinforces your learning. Go over your notes and key points regularly to keep the information fresh in your mind.

• Break down complex terms into simpler definitions to make them easier to understand. Explaining what you’ve learned to a friend or family member can help you understand the material better and remember it longer.

Conclusion

The notes for Class 6 Chapter 6, "Materials Around Us," help you understand the different types of materials and their properties. By learning about materials like metals, plastics, and fabrics, and how they are used in everyday objects, you gain practical knowledge that is useful both in science and daily life. These notes simplify the key concepts, making it easier to remember and apply what you’ve learned. Reviewing them regularly ensures you are well-prepared for your exams and helps you better grasp how materials play a role in the world around you.

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