Double Century Class 3 Maths Chapter 3 CBSE Notes 2025-26

Numbers are an important part of our daily life, and understanding the idea of counting, grouping, and writing numbers helps us solve many problems. In this chapter, you will explore how people first learned to record numbers and objects, and how this evolved into the number system we use today. Early counting was done by making marks on cave walls or tree bark, often using groups of 5, 10, 20, or even 60 to help keep track.

The Indian number system is a significant contribution to mathematics. It introduced the use of ten symbols: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9, which allows us to write any number, no matter how large. The invention of zero ('0') was a turning point, making mathematics easier and forming the foundation for future inventions such as computers and calculators.

A key skill in mathematics is estimating and counting objects. The chapter begins by encouraging you to look at pictures and estimate the number of various items like oranges, bangles, laddoos, barfi, bindis, and bananas. Making educated guesses before actually counting helps build number sense and confidence when dealing with larger quantities.

Estimation is further practiced by opening a box of matchsticks or taking a handful of seeds, predicting the amount, and then counting to find out how close your guess was. This improves your ability to estimate, an essential skill used in daily life such as measuring, shopping, and cooking.

Learning to make groups, especially groups of ten, helps in understanding bigger numbers like 100 (called a 'century'). Ten packets of ten bindis each make a hundred. By grouping 10 sticks together, and having 10 such bundles, you realize that 10 x 10 = 100. This method simplifies counting, writing, and understanding numbers beyond 10 and up to hundreds.

To make the concept of 100 clear, students use real objects: bundles of matchsticks, seeds, or even the concept of cricket 'century' (scoring 100 runs). These help visualize how numbers are formed with units, tens, and hundreds places. Practice is given in adding two numbers to make 100, such as 70 + 30, 45 + 55, or 60 + 40.

The number line is another powerful tool introduced in this chapter. You are encouraged to 'jump' on the number line from a given number (e.g., starting at 65 and jumping 35 steps to reach 100) and practice making 100 using different jump combinations. This helps learners see how numbers add up visually and supports the understanding of addition and number sequences.

Filling in missing numbers on the number line and on game boards, like Snakes and Ladders, develops pattern recognition. You are tasked with placing arrows, trees, smileys, or crosses on certain numbers (e.g., 125, 112, 149, and 137), which reinforces your understanding of the sequence of numbers between 100 and 200.

Once you are comfortable with 100, the chapter extends your skills to numbers beyond 100, up to 200. Here, the use of bundles and loose sticks becomes even more important. For example, 123 can be shown as 1 bundle (100), 2 sticks of ten (20), and 3 individual sticks (units). This reinforces the idea of place value, where each digit in a number has its own importance based on its position.

• Numbers above 100 are written by adding units or tens to 100, such as 100 + 1 = 101 or 100 + 10 = 110.
• Matching numbers to the correct bundles and loose sticks helps in understanding the place value of ones, tens, and hundreds.
• Practice is given to fill sequences and tables up to 150 and then 200, so you can see patterns in number formation.

A playful element is added to learning with games like 'Clap, Snap, and Pat.' Here, a clap stands for 100, a snap for 10, and a pat for 1. For example, one clap, two snaps, and three pats stand for 123. This aids memory by linking sounds to the value of each digit and makes learning numbers engaging and fun.

Students also learn to estimate and count larger groups by using physical activities, such as filling and counting seeds in a container, or figuring out how many times they need to fill a bowl to reach a total like 200. This makes the concept of larger numbers less abstract and more tangible.

Interactive games such as Snakes and Ladders are included to teach number order, addition, and subtraction playfully. By answering questions based on ladders, snakes, and dice moves, you practice identifying the next number, what happens if you land on a snake or ladder, and how far you might move on the board.

• Marking numbers in order on stones, filling missing numbers, and using number lines help you visualize number progression from 0 to 200.
• Drawing jumps of 5 or 20 on a number line enhances your skills in identifying and continuing number patterns.
• Filling tables for '1 more' and '1 less' than a given number increases confidence in forward and backward counting.

You will find exercises like filling in number sentences, where you're asked to write combinations adding to 100 or other numbers. There are tasks to write numbers in words and digits, match numbers to their pictorial representation, and write out number names from 101 to 200.

Working with number sentences, such as '30 more than 150' or '100 and 51,' as well as pictorial forms and matchstick bundles, helps you connect the concrete (physical objects) to the abstract (numbers and words). This approach builds a solid foundation for understanding hundreds, tens, and units, and prepares you for more advanced arithmetic.

• Counting started with simple marks and developed into grouping and the number system we now use.
• The Indian number system uses just ten symbols to represent every number.
• Zero (‘0’) is an essential symbol, representing 'nothing' and making our decimal system work smoothly.
• Grouping, estimation, number lines, and using real-life items help deepen understanding of numbers from 1 to 200.
• Activities like games, filling sequences, and number sentences reinforce learning and increase confidence in maths.

Regular practice of these exercises and exploring numbers using different materials will strengthen your skills in reading, writing, estimating, counting, and understanding numbers up to 200.

Class 3 Maths Chapter 3 Notes – Double Century: Key Concepts & Easy Revision

These Class 3 Maths Chapter 3 notes on “Double Century” cover all major topics like grouping, place value, and number patterns up to 200. Students learn through activities, games, number lines, and estimation exercises to make understanding numbers easy and fun. These concise notes help in thorough and quick revision right before exams.

Each concept in these notes is explained with simple language and clear examples from the textbook and real life. Practice questions, key pointers, and activity prompts boost number sense and prepare students for class tests. Revise these notes regularly to build confidence in maths and master the basics of numbers up to 200.