What is a Magnet?
A magnet is a material or artificial setup that can produce a magnetic field around it. Due to the magnetic field, a magnet can attract ferromagnetic materials (e.g. iron filings) and attract or repel any other magnet. Magnets, suspended through a string, always point towards the north-south direction. A magnet always comes with a pair of magnetic poles, which cannot be separated. These are often referred to as “north pole” and “south pole”. Like poles repel one another whereas opposite poles attract. Some materials naturally behave like magnets whereas it is also possible to manufacture artificial magnets.
A magnet is an associate degree object or factor that produces a force field. This field of magnetism is invisible, however, it's liable for the magnetic field: the force that pulls or repels different magnetic force parts like iron, steel, nickel, cobalt, and others. An eternal magnet could be a material product of magnetic material that produces its own permanent force field. The icebox magnet, for instance, is employed to store notes on the icebox door.
What is Magnetic Force?
The term magnetic force refers to a force field that's extremely magnetic (or ferrimagnetic). The iron, nickel, and cobalt, similarly as many rare metal alloys and present minerals like permanent magnet, comprise this class. Though magnetic force (and ferrimagnetic materials) are the sole ones that attract magnetism sturdy enough to be referred to as magnetic, all different parts react to the force field frail, victimization one among several different magnetic fields.
Types of Magnets
Most magnets used in research and technology are artificially made into different sizes and shapes from magnetized materials. The processes and sources of magnetism widely vary. Some commonly used magnets are,
Magnetic Needle
Horseshoe Magnet
Based on the source of magnetism, magnets can be categorized into the following types:
Electromagnet: Electromagnets are strong magnets, consisting of wires closely wrapped around an iron core. When a current is made to flow through the wires, it behaves like a magnet. As soon as the current is switched off, the magnetic behavior goes away.
Permanent Magnets: Permanent magnets are products of "solid" magnetic force materials like alloy and primary solid solution, that are subjected to special process in an exceedingly sturdy force field throughout construction to align their crystalline internal structure, creating them very troublesome to get rid of magnets. A selected force field should be provided to get rid of the force field, and this limit is set by the force of the force field.
Forcing "solid" objects is high, and forcing "soft" objects low. the instant of magnetism or, in turn, the whole quantity of magnet created by a magnet is employed to see its total strength. Magnetization could be a life of the physical strength of magnetism.
However, due to high temperature and stress, even permanent magnets can lose magnetic properties. Some examples are,
Alnico (an alloy of Aluminum, Nickel, and Cobalt)
Ferrite or ceramic (iron oxides mixed with nickel, cobalt or strontium)
Samarium Cobalt
Neodymium Iron Boron (NdFeB)
Temporary Magnet: These magnets are manufactured by exposing ferromagnetic materials to a magnetic field. When the magnetic field is removed, the materials lose their characteristics of a magnet. These magnets are made up of various soft materials. Some temporary magnet examples are iron and iron alloys, nails, and paper clips.
Electromagnet: Electromagnets are strong magnets, consisting of wires closely wrapped around an iron core. When a current is made to flow through the wires, it behaves like a magnet. As soon as the current is switched off, the magnetic behavior goes away
Properties of Magnet
Magnets have distinctive and interesting properties as follows,
Attractive Property of Magnet: A magnet attracts ferromagnetic materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt.
Directive Property of a Magnet: If a magnet is suspended from rigid support such that it can rotate freely, the magnet always points towards the north-south direction.
Poles of a Magnet: Magnets have two poles, where the strength of the magnetic field is the strongest. Magnetic poles exist in pairs. No matter how small a magnet is, it is impossible to separate one pole.
Like poles always repel each other but opposite poles attract.
The magnetic force (attraction or repulsion) between two objects is inversely proportional to the distance between them. The force is stronger when the objects are close.
Applications of Magnet
Speakers and microphones: several speakers use a static magnet and a coil that currently holds to convert power (signal) into mechanical (noise-causing motion). The coil wound round the reel connected to the speaker cone holds the signal as a versatile current that interacts with the static magnet field.
Like speakers, some electrical motors use a mixture of electrical magnets and permanent magnets to convert power into energy. A generator converts energy into power by moving the conductor to a force field.
In addition to invasive surgery, hospitals use resonance imaging to diagnose the patient's limbs.
Nuclear resonance could be a methodology employed by chemists to provide products.
Magnets are widely used in daily life, science, and technology. Some uses are, Permanent magnets are used in hard drives, television, cars, motors.
Temporary magnets are often used in manufacturing electromagnets.
Did you know?
The Earth has a magnetic field. It can be considered as a very large bar magnet, with its north pole being located near the geographical north pole and its south pole being located near the geographical south pole. Due to this magnet, all magnets on the Earth point in the geographic north-south direction.
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The first magnetic material was discovered in the Magnesia region of Asia. It was named “Magnetite” (Fe3O4). There is another story that suggests that the material was discovered by a shepherd named Magnes, who observed his shoe nails to stick with some rocks (apparently containing magnetite).
Previously, magnetite was used by sailors in the oceans as a compass. Therefore, it is also known as “leading stone” or “lodestone”.
FAQs on Magnet
1. What are magnets made of? Write down the types of magnets.
Magnets are made of different magnetized materials. Depending on the process of magnetization, magnets have mainly three categories which are permanent magnet, temporary magnet, and electromagnet.
Permanent magnets do not lose their magnetic property easily. Electromagnets are made up of current flowing through a coil of wires wound about an iron core. A temporary magnet is made by exposing a ferromagnetic material in a magnetic field. When the magnetic field is removed, the magnet loses its characteristics.
2. Write any two properties of a magnet.
Magnets attract ferromagnetic materials and attract or repel other magnets. Magnets, suspended through a string, always point towards the north-south direction. A magnet always comes with a pair of magnetic poles, which cannot be separated. These are often referred to as “north pole” and “south pole”. Like poles repel one another whereas opposite poles attract.