Electrostatics Important Questions for NEET Physics - 2026

1. Multiple choice questions.

Q1. The force between two point charges $q_1$ and $q_2$ separated by distance $r$ in vacuum is given by:

• (a) $F = \dfrac{q_1 q_2}{4\pi \epsilon_0 r}$
• (b) $F = \dfrac{q_1 q_2}{4\pi \epsilon_0 r^2}$
• (c) $F = \dfrac{q_1 q_2}{r^2}$
• (d) $F = 4\pi \epsilon_0 q_1 q_2 r^2$

Answer: (b) $F = \dfrac{q_1 q_2}{4\pi \epsilon_0 r^2}$

Q2. Which among the following statements regarding electric field lines is incorrect?

• (a) Electric field lines are continuous curves.
• (b) Two field lines never cross each other.
• (c) Field lines begin on negative charges and end on positive charges.
• (d) The tangent at any point to a field line gives the direction of the electric field at that point.

Answer: (c) Field lines begin on negative charges and end on positive charges.

Q3. The SI unit of electric flux is:

• (a) Volt
• (b) Coulomb
• (c) Newton-metre squared per coulomb (N·m²/C)
• (d) Joule

Answer: (c) Newton-metre squared per coulomb (N·m²/C)

Q4. The potential at the center of a uniformly charged thin spherical shell is:

• (a) Zero
• (b) Maximum
• (c) Minimum
• (d) Infinite

Answer: (b) Maximum

2. Very Short Answer (VSA).

Q1. State the law of conservation of electric charge.

Answer: Law of conservation of charge states that the total electric charge in an isolated system always remains constant, regardless of any physical or chemical change that occurs.

Q2. Define linear charge density.

Answer: Linear charge density is the amount of electric charge per unit length along a line or wire, usually denoted as $\lambda$ and measured in C/m.

Q3. What is an equipotential surface?

Answer: An equipotential surface is a surface on which every point has the same electric potential, so no work is required to move a charge along this surface.

Q4. What is the unit of capacitance?

Answer: The unit of capacitance is the farad (F), which is equal to one coulomb per volt.

3. Short Answer Questions.

Q1. Explain the principle of superposition of electric forces with a suitable example.

Answer: The superposition principle states that the total force on a charge due to a number of other charges is the vector sum of the individual forces exerted by each charge separately. For example, if a charge $q$ is near two other charges $q_1$ and $q_2$, the net force on $q$ is $\vec{F} = \vec{F}_1 + \vec{F}_2$.

Q2. Derive the expression for the electric field due to a point charge at a distance $r$ in vacuum.

Answer:

1. Consider a point charge $q$ at the origin.
2. The force experienced by a test charge $q_0$ at distance $r$ is $F = \dfrac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0} \dfrac{qq_0}{r^2}$.
3. Electric field $E$ is the force per unit charge: $E = \dfrac{F}{q_0} = \dfrac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0} \dfrac{q}{r^2}$.

Q3. What is meant by dielectric polarization? How does it affect the capacitance of a capacitor?

Answer: Dielectric polarization is the alignment of opposite charges within a dielectric material when placed in an electric field. It reduces the effective field inside the capacitor, thereby increasing the capacitance by a factor equal to the dielectric constant of the material.

Q4. Describe the working principle of a parallel plate capacitor and give the expression for its capacitance.

Answer: A parallel plate capacitor consists of two parallel conducting plates separated by a dielectric. When a voltage is applied, charge accumulates on plates, storing energy. Its capacitance is $C = \dfrac{\epsilon_0 \epsilon_r A}{d}$, where $A$ is plate area, $d$ is separation, and $\epsilon_r$ is the dielectric constant.

4. True or False Questions.

Q1. Electric field lines always start from positive charges and end on negative charges.

Answer: True

Q2. Gauss's law is valid only for symmetric charge distributions.

Answer: False

Q3. The energy stored in a capacitor increases with the increase in the dielectric constant between its plates.

Answer: True

3. Fill in the Blanks Questions.

Q1. The capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor increases when a __________ is introduced between its plates.

Answer: dielectric

Q2. The total electric flux through a closed surface enclosing a charge $Q$ is equal to $Q/__________$.

Answer: $\epsilon_0$

Q3. The direction of the electric field is always __________ to the equipotential surface at every point.

Answer: perpendicular

Benefits of Learning Electrostatics Concepts for NEET Physics Exams

With strong basics in Electrostatics, NEET Physics becomes easier to approach. Students learn about electric charges, fields and capacitors, all crucial for understanding later topics. Strengthening these concepts builds confidence and sharpens problem-solving skills for the NEET exam.

Practicing NEET-focused questions on Electric potential, Gauss's law, and dielectrics helps solidify memory and clear doubts. These subtopics often appear in exams. Regular exposure to such important questions will help with higher NEET scores and faster question attempts.

At Vedantu, our experts provide simple explanations and stepwise answers for all key topics in Physics Electrostatics. With targeted revision, students build clarity for the NEET exam and feel well prepared on exam day. Focus on understanding and practice for best results!