Introduction to Consumer Protection Act
The Customer Protection Act is a law in favor of customers, wherein their interests are taken into consideration and given the preference. The law was recently amended in 2019 to replace the existing one which was passed back in 1986, thereby enabling customers with further rights to exercise in their daily lives.
As per the meaning of consumer rights, the main objective behind enacting this law is to facilitate consumers with remedies or quick redressal of their grievances. This law holds special provisions meant for consumers through which the higher authorities can resolve the disputes faced by consumers.
What is the Consumer Protection Act?
The definition of Consumer Protection Act 1986 says that it is a law meant for preserving the rights of the consumers and resolving their disputes faster as and when they arise. This law allows for the establishment of an authoritative body called the Central Consumer Protection Authority or CCPA.
This body examines the unfair practices in trade and advertisements that provide misleading information, and other such illegal or unethical aspects. It shall take necessary actions and/or provide apt solutions to address grievances arising out of such practices.
Students should note that it was initially the Consumers Protection Act 1986 when it was first introduced by the Indian Parliament. The act allows a concerned authoritative body to punish the law violators with a penalty as well.
What are Consumer Rights and Responsibilities?
According to the Consumer Protection Act definition, consumers are given specific rights and obligations that they can exercise as well as have to abide by regularly. Let us take a look at those, one by one.
A proper understanding of the rights given to consumers through COPRA Act 1986 will help in further developing an idea on which grievances will be resolved and which will not.
According to the Copra act, points given below make up a list of rights granted to consumers.
Right to Consumer Education: Consumers should know their rights to avoid falling prey to violations.
Right to Safety: They can ask for quality assurance of any product or service they purchase.
Right to Choose: They should hold the option to choose among multiple options and purchase only when it suffices their demands.
Right to be Informed: They should be aware of product details before deciding to purchase.
Right to be Heard: They should be heard of their complaints or feedback on their availed goods or services at a forum.
Right to Seek Compensation: They can ask for compensation, monetary or any other means, against complaints that they file for unfair trading practices.
According to the consumer protection act, the following are the responsibilities of a customer
Responsibility to speak out
Responsibility to complain
Responsibility to think independently
Responsibility to be aware
Responsibility to be an ethical customer
Therefore, it is evident that a customer has multiple rights and responsibilities to follow at all times. You should be able to understand each point separately so that you do not forget while listing them in your exam. Make sure you regularly revise for in-depth learning.
How can a Consumer file a Complaint?
Based on the meaning of consumer protection, customers have the right to complain against discrepancies in goods and services that they purchase from traders or service providers.
Irrespective of whether an issue is related to quality or price of a product/service, consumers have the right to raise a complaint regarding it and get that redressed to their favor if their grievances hold valid in the jurisdiction’s eyes.
However, based on the consumer protection definition, a consumer should make sure that a particular purchase was made within the last two years of raising a complaint.
Four simple steps to file a complaint are listed below -
Individuals have to mention the relevant details or purpose of raising a complaint. They may opt for a replacement, exchange, health jeopardy, etc.
One needs to attach the relevant bills or receipts that he/she had received while making a purchase.
Concerned customers may submit a written application via email, fax, or self-delivered hard copy to the Consumer Forum. Following that they need to make sure it is acknowledged by a concerned authority after you have sent an application.
An individual can write a complaint in his/her preferred language. There is no hard and fast rule for the language. That person only needs to ensure that his/her concern is clearly described, irrespective of the language.
Consumers in context should keep into consideration that the Copra 1986 does not demand them to hire a lawyer for this purpose. They can directly speak for themselves and stand for their grievances.
All a person has to do is keep all the relevant documents and receipts that he/she sends to and receives from a specific authority as well as to and from the violator.
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Rights and Responsibilities of the Consumer
Consumers are considered the best factor of a business. They have rights over the business and the deals, but there are also responsibilities they must fulfill. Here are some points that may help explain the concept.
When making a purchase, don't make a rash decision. Instead, compare prices and consider which payment method would be most convenient. In most cases, if you regret your decision afterwards, you cannot undo the transaction. Don't hesitate to ask the salesperson if you can return the item if you change your mind.
It is imperative for the customer to read the conditions of the product before proceeding to sign an agreement and to ensure they know how much the final cost of the product will be. An agreement, when signed, means that the consumer is bound to it by the amount of time it is agreed upon, for example 12-month contracts, and the payments should be made regularly for the duration. The product cannot be returned or exchanged unless it is defective. Provided that the product is not defective, you cannot return it unless the seller has granted you entitlement to compensation.
You can easily get a loan online but be careful - they normally include different fees which will considerably increase your original borrowed sum. These loans have created serious financial problems for many people. And watch out for scams! Consumers should be extremely careful when an offer sounds lucrative — too good to be true. For example, if an online advert invites you to buy a laptop for one dollar, it is most probably a scam.
If you are unable to pay on time, contact the billing agent. Billing agents are used to discussing payments and your cooperation is valued. The product and service must reflect the agreement made between the buyer and seller.
FAQs on Consumer Protection Act - Rights and Responsibilities
1. What is the Consumer Protection Act?
The Consumer Protection Act facilitates the consumers to complain against the qualities or prices of products and services they avail form traders. This law helps in preserving the interests of the consumer and redress the grievances accordingly by imposing a penalty on such violators or by other means.
2. What is Consumer Protection?
The consumer protection meaning is that both interests and preferences of consumers are taken into consideration while resolving the complaint raised by a consumer.
3. What is the Meaning of Consumer?
According to the rights of the Consumer Protection Act, it says that a consumer is a person who purchases goods or avails services for self-use. However, you should note that a person buying goods or services to sell it further will not be considered a consumer.
4. What is the Full Form of COPRA?
The full form of COPRA is Customer Protection Act. It was first enacted in 1986 and later amended only recently to introduce the Consumer Protection Act 2019.
5. What is the difference between online and offline purchases in the consumer protection act?
Offline purchases where the customer and the seller meet face to face to buy, can solve their grievances and make solutions right at the point. The payment has to be made exactly then and right there, fully or in installments. However, online purchases typically have a policy where the order can be canceled 14 days after it has been made. The payment must always be made on the due date, whether you settle the whole amount at once or pay in installments. If you make the payment after the due date, you will have to pay additional costs.
6. How should I study for the consumer protection act?
The best way to study for the consumer protection act is to make pointers of the rules and regulations given in the textbooks; highlighting only the main and relevant words can help students more than it seems. It helps retain only the keywords which are the main part of the answer. Vedantu offers free practice workbooks and textbooks with the topic of the Consumer Protection Act on the official website. It can be easily accessed and downloaded from the website. Students may refer to that to clear any doubts they might have regarding the topic.
7. What is the main point of the consumer protection act?
The consumer protection act is a part of the law in civics where the rights of the consumers or the customers are protected. Consumers can use these rights to help themselves from several mishaps that may occur during or after their transactions of payments for their purchases. Whereas there is the existence of the rights, there are also some responsibilities of the consumer that they should fulfill in order to make the transactions easy and smooth for both the consumer and the seller.
8. What should a consumer do when facing scams?
When the consumer is faced with a scam in any of the transactions they have made, they can seek customer service. If the product does not function the way it should, breaks quickly, or if a service is different to what was originally agreed, the consumers have the right to compensation. Any errors should be reported to the company that sold the product or service to the customer. The report should be made as soon as the consumer notices it.
9. What happens when a written complaint is made?
For written complaints, you can use The Finnish Competition and Consumer Authority’s (FCCA) complaint tool. The seller first has the right to try and repair the product and only if that is unsuccessful can the product be replaced. However, the seller must act within a reasonable time frame, otherwise, you can claim a discount, or if all else fails, cancel the transaction. In particularly difficult situations, you can contact the FCCA’s free consumer advisors. The consumer advisors offer advice and mediation in conflict situations between consumers and businesses.