Question

Who was the founder of civil services in India?
A) William Bentick
B) Lord Cornwallis
C) Lord Wellesley
D) Lord Dalhousie

Answer 1

Hint:
The civil services refer to the bureaucrats who are the permanent executive branch of the Republic of India

Complete step by step solution:
The founder of civil services in India was Lord Cornwallis. Civil Services are the backbone of the administrative system of the country. India has a Parliamentary Democratic system of governance in which the ultimate responsibility for running the administration rests with the elected representatives. The elected ministers lay down all the policies and it is the responsibility of the civil servants to actually carry out and implement these policy measures. Civil Servants serve the country at the pleasure of the President of India. Government of India or the states employ civil servants.
The current civil services of India are based on the pattern of the former Indian Civil Service of British India. During the colonial rule, Warren Hastings laid the foundation of civil service and Charles Cornwallis reformed it modernising and rationalising it. Charles Cornwallis is hence known as ‘the Father of civil service in India.
He introduced two divisions of the civil services in India: Covenanted and Uncovenanted. Covenanted division consisted of only Europeans occupying higher posts in the government while the Uncovenanted division was solely introduced to facilitate the entry of Indians at the lower level of the administration.
The present modern civil services were formed when India attained independence in 1947 and it was Sardar Patel’s vision that these services should strengthen cohesion and national unity in the country.

Note:
The Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions is unofficially the Ministry of Civil Services and it is responsible for training, reforms and pensions for the civil service system.