Question

An enzyme is made up of
A. Vitamin
B. Growth factor
C. Protein
D. Carbohydrates

Answer 1

Hint: Enzymes are made up of one or several polypeptide chains that are involved in chemical reactions in the body.

Complete step-by-step answer:
To solve this answer, first we have to know about enzymes. Enzymes are special proteins that speed up the rate of chemical reactions in biological processes and act as biological catalysts. A catalyst is a substance that speeds up the energy required to activate chemical reactions.
Now, let us find the solution from the options-
1) Vitamins are organic molecules needed by the body in lesser amounts. They are required by the body for proper functioning. They act as cofactors in enzyme catalysed reactions. That is why it is not an enzyme.
2) A growth factor is a natural protein that promotes the cell growth, organization and maintenance of cells and tissues. They act as chemical messengers that communicate with the cells to carry out cell division and various functions. So they are not enzymes.
3) Most enzymes are composed of proteins. Like any protein, each enzyme has a primary structure. The chemicals that are changed into a product are called 'substrate.' Enzymes, that is, proteins with three-dimensional structures including an 'active site,' thus convert a substrate into a product.
4) Carbohydrates are macromolecules that are made up of simple sugars known as monosaccharides. Monosaccharides combine to form polysaccharides. They are threads containing different monosaccharides as building blocks. They are involved in energy storage and providing structure and support.

Thus, the correct answer is option C. i.e., Protein.

Note: Proteins are polypeptides. They are linear chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. Growth factors are natural proteins involved in the regulation of cell division. Enzymes are proteins that function as catalysts in chemical reactions. They are considered as the chemical workers in a cell.