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Triangle : Hexagon
A.Cone: Sphere
B.Rectangle: octagon
C.Pentagon: Heptagon
D.Angle: Quadrilateral

Answer
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Hint: In the above question we have been given two figures and there is a relation between them. We know that a triangle is a polygon which has three sides and a hexagon is a polygon with six sides. So we can conclude that the number of sides of the hexagon is twice the number of sides of the triangle. We have to choose the correct option which posses the similar kind of relation between them

Complete step-by-step answer:
Here we have Triangle : Hexagon.
We know that the relation between them is that the number of sides of the hexagon is twice the number of sides of the triangle.
We know that a rectangle is a polygon which has four sides and the figure which has twice the sides of the rectangle is called Octagon. So there is a relation between them.
Hence the correct option is (b) Rectangle: octagon
So, the correct answer is “Option B”.

Note: Before solving this kind of question we should have the clear idea of the dimensional figures and their properties. We can see that in the first option we had a cone and sphere. We know that cone is a dimensional figure with a flat base while sphere is the form of a circle with no edges ,height and vertex like cone. The volume of the cone is $\pi {r^2}\dfrac{h}{3}$ and that of the sphere is $\dfrac{4}{3}\pi {r^3}$. So there is no relation between them. Similarly in the other option the relation does not match with the following given question.