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Why are children/infants given vaccination?

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Hint: Vaccines are given to infants, children, and teens to help them protect from serious diseases and a vaccine can help them develop immunity (protection) against diseases before they come into contact with them.
The best way to protect infants/ children is to ensure they complete their vaccination charts on time to prevent them from various devastating diseases.

Complete answer: Young children and infants are at higher risk for infectious diseases as their immune systems are not fully developed to fight off serious infections and diseases.
1. Diseases such as whooping cough or pneumococcal disease can be very serious and even deadly if acquired at an early age.
2. Vaccines are given to infants, children, and teens to help them protect against serious diseases and vaccines can help them develop immunity (protection) against diseases before they are exposed to such diseases.
3. Several diseases that have killed several children have been completely eliminated due to safe and effective vaccine development.
4. One such common example is polio.
Polio, the most-threatening deadly disease, causing death and paralysis across the globe, has been eradicated by effective vaccination.

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Additional information: Due to effective vaccination since ancient days, some diseases have been eradicated from the world.
For example; your children need not take the smallpox vaccine, as the disease no longer exists in the world.
If we continue to vaccinate now, with complete proper vaccination practice worldwide, a parent in the future may believe that few diseases that exist today may not exist in the future around them to harm their children.
Note: Although vaccines may cause some discomfort and may cause pain, redness, or tenderness at the site of injection, it is mandated as these vaccines prevent children from the pain, discomfort, and trauma of various devastating diseases.
Effective Combination vaccines are being practiced nowadays (vaccines can give protection from more than one diseases) minimize the discomfort to the children
Example: MMR vaccine (Measles, mumps, and rubella), DTP vaccine (Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis).
Recently several vaccines with more combination vaccines like Pediarix, ProQuad have developed.