Important Questions for CBSE Class 8 Social Science - Social and Political Life Chapter 6 - Understanding Our Criminal Justice System

Very Short Answer Questions: (1 Mark)

1. Fill in the blanks-

(i) The innocent is _____ in a fair trial.

Ans: Acquitted

(ii) Any act that is defined as a crime is called _____.

Ans: Offence

(iii) An accused is an individual who is tried by _____ for the crime.

Ans: The court

(iv) ______ guarantees a fair trial to every citizen.

Ans: Article 21

2. State true and false.

(i) Police are responsible to take custody of the victim.

Ans: False

(ii) Police are responsible to take investigating a civil crime.

Ans: True

(iii) Advocates fight in court for their respective clients.

Ans: True

(iv) Judge is responsible to take note of every piece of evidence then give his consent for the crime.

Ans: True

3. Match the following-

Ans:

(i) Detention-Keeping in illegal custody

(ii) Impartial-Fair

(iii) Open court-Public view

(iv) Offence-Crime

4. Choose the correct option

(i) The public prosecutor represents the interests of ______

1. State

2. Citizens

3. Small children

4. All of the above

Ans: (a) State

(ii) The retirement age of the chief justice of India is ______

1. 56 years

2. 40 years

3. 65 years

4. 58 years

Ans: (c) 65 years

5. Define the Following

(i) Witnesses

Ans: A witness is someone who has witnessed a crime on their own and has testified in court.

(ii) Detention

Ans: Detention is when the state or a governmental official takes an illegal individual into custody.

Short Answer Questions: (2 Marks)

6. Define prosecutor.

Ans: A prosecutor is a lawyer who represents the state or any of its citizens.

7. Why is it necessary to keep the evidence protected?

Ans: Protecting evidence is vital since it could lead to the incorrect person being victimized for no fault of his or her own, rather than punishing the guilty. It would result in an unjust trial.

8. Discuss the role of the police in criminal justice.

Ans: The police's job is to conduct investigations and apprehend the perpetrator.

9. What is the criminal justice system?

Ans: A criminal justice system is a court or body of law that governs the investigation of a broken law or a crime committed by a group or an individual.

10. What is an FIR?

Ans: First Information Report is abbreviated as FIR. If somebody is subjected to any form of wrongdoing, the first thing they should do is file a police report.

Short Answer Question: (3 Marks)

11. Give a brief of the Criminal Justice System in India.

Ans: The victim first reports the offense to the police station. The police gather evidence, arrest the culprit, and have him or she appear in court within 24 hours. In the courtroom, the trial begins. The public prosecutor represents the victim, and if the accused so desires, he can also hire an advocate. When the hearing is over, the judge renders his final verdict. If the accused is found guilty, the police will condemn him or her, whereas if the accused is found not guilty, the accused will be acquitted. If convicted, the accused has the right to appeal to a higher court.

12. What are the rights that Article 22 of the Indian Constitution provides?

Ans: The following rights are guaranteed under Article 22 of the Indian constitution:

1. The arrested person should be notified of the reason for his or her arrest.

2. The person who has been arrested should be brought before the court within 24 hours.

3. The arrested individual has the right to refuse medical treatment.

4. The confession given while detained by the police is invalid.

5. Only a lady and a boy are allowed to be summoned to the police station for questioning.

13. What are the guidelines stoat the Supreme Court of India has set for the Police?

Ans: The Indian Supreme Court has established the following guidelines for the police force:

1. Police officers who conduct investigations and arrests must dress appropriately and wear a prominent name tag.

2. A memo should be written that includes the time and date.

3. The arrested person's family member must attest to the document.

14. Can the state provide a lawyer to the victim who cannot afford the fee of an advocate?

Ans: Yes, the state has the authority to appoint a public prosecutor to represent the victim in court. Article 22 of the Indian constitution guarantees that everyone has the right to be represented by a lawyer. Another article 39A of the Indian Constitution instructs the state to provide a person with a lawyer to fight his or her case if he or she is unable to employ one.

15. Why do you think the confessions made in police custody are not valid?

Ans: Confessions made by the accused or victim while in police custody are not valid since they could be made under duress. Under the duress of any prominent politician, the police may record a fake statement and bring it to court.

Long Answer Questions: (5 Marks)

16. Discuss the guidelines that police should follow during the investigation.

Ans: The Constitution's entity is the police. He is obligated to assist India's citizens by protecting their rights and making them feel safer from crime. The police should work in accordance with the guidelines laid out in the criminal proceedings. For the sake of suspicion, he should not disturb everyone. The police should be held to a higher standard than anyone else. His primary role is to gather evidence and present it to the judge for a more thorough hearing and consent. The police must be impartial and adhere to human rights principles. No one can be shot unnecessarily by the police.

17. What is an FIR? Why is it necessary evidence?

Ans: First Information Report is abbreviated as FIR. If somebody is subjected to any form of wrongdoing, the first thing they should do is file a police report. The FIR should be filed at the nearest police station to the scene of the offense. In an FIR, a victim meticulously records all of the specifics of what happened to him or her. The FIR can also be delivered orally. However, keeping a record of the FIR will improve its effectiveness.

This copy of the FIR will also hold the police accountable for locating the perpetrator and bringing him or her before the court for punishment if proven guilty.

18. What is your opinion on giving different people different roles in the case of court?

Ans: Distinct people must play different roles in the criminal justice system since any decision must be based on specific evidence, and the people involved must be treated fairly. Each of the responsibilities played by different people, such as the police, the public prosecutor, the defense lawyer, and the judge, assists in gathering evidence and cross-examining witnesses in order to identify the genuinely guilty person and sanction him so that the victim wins the case fairly. Because all persons are equal in the eyes of the law, different people in different roles are required to be active in the criminal justice system.

19. Write down the functions of the judge.

Ans: The following are the responsibilities of a judge: 

1. The judge is responsible for questioning the accused and the perpetrator in court.

2. When analyzing the evidence presented by the proponents, the judge should be critical.

3. The judge is in charge of determining the evidence's vulnerability.

4. It is the responsibility of the judge to conduct a fair trial.

5. After collecting notes on everyone's conversations, the judge writes and produces a decision in front of everyone.

20. Write down the functions of the police.

Ans: The following facts might help you understand police functions: 

1. Police are responsible for keeping records of witness statements.

2. It is the responsibility of the police to take the perpetrator into custody after obtaining a court order.

3. Within two hours of an arrest, the police must present a suspect in court.

4. It is the responsibility of the police to visit with the victim's relatives and record their statements.

5. It is the responsibility of the police to apprehend the criminal suspects.