Question

Which of the following is the consequence of deforestation?
A. Global warming
B. Erosion of the top layer of soil
C. Increase in the level of carbon dioxide in air
D. All of the above

Answer 1

Hint: Deforestation is the process of removal or cutting down of the trees for other uses such as agricultural croplands, urbanization, mining activities etc.

Complete answer:-
The absence of the trees results in an increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide which causes global warming. The more trees, the less carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and the more oxygen. But with more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, more of the sun's radiation is being reflected back to earth, instead of space, and this is causing our average temperature to rise.
The roots of the plants help in holding the soil and deforestation causes soil erosion from the upper layer of the soil. Deforestation weakens and degrades the soil. Forested soils are usually not only richer on organic matter, but also more resistant to erosion, bad weather, and extreme weather events. This happens mainly because roots help fix trees in the ground and the sun-blocking tree cover helps the soil to slowly dry out. As a result, deforestation will probably mean the soil will become increasingly fragile, leaving the area more vulnerable to natural disasters such as landslides and floods.
 The plants take up the carbon dioxide from the air for photosynthesis. When there are no trees, there is an increase in the level of carbon dioxide. The destruction of these trees has two big negative side-effects. Firstly, taking down trees means they’ll release back into the atmosphere the $CO_2$ they were keeping. Secondly, fewer trees available means reducing the planet’s overall ability to capture and store $CO_2$. Both these effects negatively contribute to the greenhouse effect and to climate .

Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Note:-
Organisms and environment together maintain ecosystems, if any of these get disturbed, it will negatively affect the ecosystem, biodiversity and climate. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the expansion of agriculture caused nearly $80\%$ of global deforestation, with the construction of infrastructures such as roads or dams, together with mining activities and urbanization, making up the remaining causes of deforestation.