Question

The rate of chemical reaction depends upon: (This question has multiple correct options)
a.) Pressure
b.) Temperature
c.) Concentration
d.) Catalyst

Answer 1

Hint: We should recall the concepts about rate of chemical reaction. Reaction rate is the speed at which a chemical reaction proceeds. Alternatively, it may be defined in terms of the amounts of the reactants consumed or products formed in a unit of time. So, we have to find factors which affect this unit of time.

Complete answer:
We should know that the rate of a reaction is the speed at which a chemical reaction happens. If a reaction has a low rate, that means the molecules combine at a slower speed than a reaction with a high rate. We follow the rate of reaction according to collision theory. The collision theory says that as more collisions in a system occur, there will be more combinations of molecules bouncing into each other. If we have more possible combinations there is a higher chance that the molecules will complete the reaction. The reaction will happen faster which means the rate of that reaction will increase.

Temperature: When we raise the temperature of a system, the molecules bounce around a lot more. They have more energy. When they bounce around more, they are more likely to collide. That fact means they are also more likely to combine. When we lower the temperature, the molecules are slower and collide less. That temperature drop lowers the rate of the reaction. So, temperature affects the rate of chemical reaction.

Pressure: Pressure affects the rate of reaction, especially when we look at gases. When we increase the pressure, the molecules have less space in which they can move. That greater density of molecules increases the number of collisions. When we decrease the pressure, molecules don't hit each other as often and the rate of reaction decreases.

Concentration: If there is more of a substance in a system, there is a greater chance that molecules will collide and speed up the rate of the reaction. If there is less of something, there will be fewer collisions and the reaction will probably happen at a slower speed.

Catalyst: A catalyst is defined as a chemical substance that takes part in a chemical reaction and influences its rate without undergoing permanent change. Catalysts offer an alternative way of getting from one place to another. It is important to notice that we are still starting and ending at the same place; we are just going an easier way to get there.
So, by carefully understanding all the above points, we came to know that all the options are correct. Pressure, Temperature, Concentration and Catalyst are the correct answer and they will all alter the rate of reaction.

Option A, B, C and D are all correct answers.

Note: Let us take a look at the Le Chatelier's Principle. We should know that, Le Châtelier's principle states that in a dynamic equilibrium, if it is disturbed by changing the conditions, the position of equilibrium shifts to counteract the change to re-establish equilibrium. We should understand that if a chemical reaction is at equilibrium and experiences a change in pressure, temperature, or concentration of products or reactants, the equilibrium shifts in the opposite direction to offset the change.