Question

The open chain structure of glucose was proposed by
(A) Lobry de bruyn-van ekenstein
(B) Haworth
(C) Baeyer
(D) Killian

Answer 1

Hint: Glucose is a simple sugar having the chemical formula ${{C}_{6}}{{H}_{12}}{{O}_{6}}$ and is the most abundant monosaccharide of the carbohydrates sub-category.

Complete step by step solution:
-Glucose is the prepared food source in plants and most of the algae which are prepared during photosynthesis from water and carbon dioxide using sunlight as energy. The glucose stored is in the form of a polymer such as starch and amylopectin in plants and glycogen as in animals.
-In respect of energy metabolism, glucose is the most important source of energy in all organisms. Glucose is present in the blood of animals as blood sugar and circulates with blood.
-There are two forms of glucose, that is D-glucose and L-glucose. D-glucose is a naturally occurring glucose, while L-glucose is produced synthetically in comparatively smaller amounts as it is of lesser importance.
-Glucose is a monosaccharide (mono = single; saccharide = sugar) consisting of six carbon atoms and one aldehyde group. Due to the presence of the aldehyde group, it is an aldohexose sugar.
-The glucose molecule can exist as an open straight-chain (acyclic form) as well as in-ring form (cyclic form).
-Glucose in its fleeting open-chain form has an open and unbranched backbone of six carbon, C-1 through C-6, in which C-1 is a part of an aldehyde group and each other carbon bears one hydroxyl (-OH) group and the remaining valencies of carbon are satisfied by hydrogen atoms.

-The open-chain structure of glucose was given by Baeyer with the systematic name as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6-Pentahydroxylhexanal.

So, the correct answer is option (C).

Note: Most dietary carbohydrates contain glucose either as their building block or together combined with another monosaccharide. Glucose is commercially for industrial use is produced from starch by enzymatic hydrolysis using glucose amylase or by the use of acids. Glucose is mainly produced for the production fructose which is added like a sweetener and humectant. However, an increased level of glucose in the blood can cause diabetes in humans, hence its consumption must be limited.