Question

In the nuclear transformation:
$_{\text{4}}^{\text{9}}\text{B +X}\xrightarrow{{}}_{\text{4}}^{\text{8}}\text{Be + Y}$
(X, Y) is / are:
This question has multiple correct options
a.) $(\gamma ,n)$
b.) $(p,D)$
c.) $(n,D)$
d.) $(\gamma ,p)$

Answer 1

Hint: To solve the given question, we need to understand the basic fundamental components of an atom. With this information, we can determine the chemical reaction taking place and can hence, determine the values of X and Y as asked in the question.


Complete step by step solution:
We should know that a nuclear transformation is the change of one element to another. It is performed by either fusion (that is joining two light photons to create a single helium atom) or fission (that is splitting a larger nucleus into two smaller nuclei).
The equation that is given in the question is:
$_{\text{4}}^{\text{9}}\text{B +X}\xrightarrow{{}}_{\text{4}}^{\text{8}}\text{Be + Y}$
From the above equation we can say that there are two possibilities for (X, Y).
The first possibility is represented by the following equation:
$_{\text{4}}^{\text{9}}\text{B +Y}\xrightarrow{{}}_{\text{4}}^{\text{8}}\text{Be + }_{0}^{1}n$
In the above equation, the values are represented by $(\gamma ,n)$.
The second possibility is represented by the following equation:
$_{\text{4}}^{\text{9}}\text{B +}_{1}^{1}H\xrightarrow{{}}_{\text{4}}^{\text{8}}\text{Be + }_{1}^{2}H$
In the above equation, the values are represented by $(p,D)$.

Hence the correct answers to the question is Option A and Option B.


Note: X is proposed as a Proton which is a subatomic particle with the symbol p. It has a positive electric charge of +1e and has a mass that is slightly less than that of a neutron. The word Proton is a Greek word for ‘first’ which was given to hydrogen nucleus because of its position in the periodic table.

Y here is Deuterium which is also known as heavy hydrogen is an isotope of hydrogen with an atomic mass of 2. It can be denoted by the symbol D. In the nucleus of a deuterium atom, also known as a deuteron, one proton, and neutron exists, whereas protium is more common and has no neutrons in the nucleus. Deuterium is derived from the Greek word deuteros which means ‘second’. It signifies the two particles composing the nucleus in the deuterium atom.