Question

What is the importance of the 3 subatomic particles?

Answer 1

Hint: An atom is the smallest unit of any substance. With the studies to derive the structure of an atom, it was found that an atom contains various sub atomic species. These species are held in the nucleus and the area surrounding the nucleus. The sub atomic species of an atom are proton, electron and neutron.

Complete answer:
The structure of an atom is made up of mainly 3 subatomic particles. These particles are responsible for the atomic number, atomic mass and the reactions that any molecule undergoes. The 3 subatomic particles consist of protons, electrons and neutrons. The importances of these particles are:
-Protons: they are the positively charged subatomic species. They are found in the nucleus of an atom that is the positively charged region. The total number of protons in an atom is equal to the atomic number of an atom. The sum of the total number of protons and neutrons make up the atomic mass of an atom. They are denoted as p with a charge +1.
-Electrons: they are the negatively charged subatomic species. They have mass and total number exactly the same as protons, but only differ in having a negative charge. As the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons, their total number also makes the atomic number of an atom. They are found in the sub shells or orbital surrounding the nucleus. An orbital can have only 2 electrons, which are held in shells that can have up to 2, 8, 18, 32 electrons. They are denoted as${{e}^{-}}$ with charge -1.
-Neutrons: they are the neutral species of an atom that do not contain a charge. They are found in the nucleus of an atom and the sum of total neutrons and protons decide the atomic mass of any element. They are denoted as n.
So, the importance of 3 subatomic particles is as above.

Note:
The protons and neutrons are present in the nucleus and as the mass of the atom is concentrated in the nucleus therefore their total sum makes the atomic mass. Both of them being found in the nucleus are called nucleons. The ability of electrons to be shared or donated by atoms makes an atom chemically active and take part in reactions.