Question

If a few drops of a concentrated acid accidently spill over the hand of a student, what should be done?
A.Wash the hand with saline water
B.Wash the hand immediately with plenty of water and apply paste of sodium hydroxide carbonate
C.After washing with plenty of water apply solution of sodium hydroxide on the hand
D.Neutralize the acid with the strong alkali

Answer 1

Hint:We know that acid can be neutralised by base. As acid reacts with base to form salt and water. This reaction of acid and base is known as neutralization reaction. For example: when sodium hydroxide (base) reacts with hydrogen chloride (acid) then sodium chloride (salt) and water are formed.

Complete step by step answer:
First of all we will talk about the acids, bases and salt
Acids: Those compounds which on hydrolysis give hydrogen ions, are known as acids. For example: Hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid, etc. They have pH in the range of $0 - 7$. They turn blue litmus to red litmus.
Bases: Those compounds which on hydrolysis give hydroxide ion, are known as bases. For example: sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, etc. They have pH in the range of $7 - 14$. They turn red litmus to blue litmus.
Salts: The compounds which are neither acidic nor basic in nature, are known as salts. For example: sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, etc. They have generally pH equal to seven. They don't change the color of litmus i.e. they give negative results to litmus tests.
Alkalis: The bases which are soluble in water, are known as alkalis. So we can say that all alkalis are bases but not all bases are alkalis. For example: sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, etc.
Neutralisation reaction: The reaction between acids and bases to form salt and water, are known as neutralization reaction. For example: The reaction between acid (hydrogen chloride) and base (sodium chloride) forms sodium chloride (salt) and water.
$NaOH + HCl \to NaCl + {H_2}O$
If accidently some acid spill on the hand of any student, then it causes a burning effect on the affected area. So to avoid that burning effect immediately wash the hand with clean water and then apply sodium hydroxide to neutralize the acid effect of acid spill on the hand.
So option B is the correct option.

Note:Be careful while working in the laboratory. As in chemistry laboratories there are so many acids present there. If acids even accidently spill on any part of the body it can completely burn that part. So be careful in the chemistry laboratory. Do not touch any substance in the laboratory without asking your teacher.