Question

What is biodiversity? Why is biodiversity important for human lives?

Answer 1

Hint:
Biodiversity is the number and variety of plants, animals and other organisms that are living in an ecosystem. Biodiversity is a measure of the variety of organisms that exist in different ecosystems. Bio means ‘life’, diversity means ‘variety’. The species is the fundamental unit by which we can measure biodiversity.

Complete step by step solution:
An ecosystem is a group of living organisms, such as plants and animals, along with their environment, that is all connected to one another. A species is a community of organisms with a unique set of characteristics, such as shape or behaviour, that characterized them from all other organisms.

Levels of biodiversity:
- Genetic diversity- genetic variations within a species
- Species diversity- diversity between species
- Ecosystem diversity- diversity between different region
Important factors of biodiversity:
- Climate
- Area and territory
- Geographical condition of the earth
Natural Causes of Loss of biodiversity:
- Prolong draught
- Less rainfall
- High rainfall
- Flood
- Earthquake
- Forest fire
Man-made causes of loss of biodiversity:
- Deforestation
- Filling up of wetlands
- Introduction of hybrid
- Hunting
- Construction of dams
- Using chemicals as fertilizer
Biodiversity is important to humans for ecological life support, biodiversity gives a functioning ecosystem that provides oxygen, clear air and water, plant pollutions, pest control, wastewater treatment and lots of ecosystem services.

Note:
Species are found $3$ million to $100$ million on earth. A biodiversity hotspot is a region of rich biodiversity that is menaced by human habitation. The Himalayas, western Ghats, indo- Burma, Sundaland are biodiversity in India. Each year, May $22$ is celebrated as world biodiversity day.