Question

How are the macroscopic properties classified?

Answer 1

Hint: Macroscopic properties are those properties associated with a macroscopic system – a system consisting of a large number of molecules, atoms or ions.

Complete step by step answer:
The physical properties of matter are classified as macroscopic and microscopic properties. “Properties of matter in bulk are called macroscopic properties. While microscopic properties are the properties of constituents of the bulk matter, properties of atoms and molecules”.
The meaning of macroscopic is – “visible to the naked eye; not microscopic”. Therefore, the macroscopic level can be defined as anything seen with the naked eye. (Similarly, microscopic systems included atoms and molecules, i.e. things we cannot see with naked eyed.)
Since macroscopic property defines a bulk property, we can also say that a system that consists of a large number of molecules, atoms or ions is called a macroscopic system.
The properties associated with a macroscopic system includes – pressure, temperature, density, volume, viscosity, resistance, surface tension of liquid etc.

Note: Macroscopic system is an important concept in thermodynamics. Other important concepts are –
Intensive property – “An intensive property of a system is that which is independent of the amount of the substance present in the system like temperature, pressure, density, concentration, viscosity, surface tension, refractive index etc.”
Extensive property – “An extensive property of a system is that which depends upon the amount of the substance present in the system like mass, volume and energy.”