Question

What are ions? Give some examples.

Answer 1

Hint: We need to know that an ion is a molecule, particle or atom with a net electrical charge. The charge of the electron is viewed as negative by show. The negative charge of a particle is equivalent and inverse to the charged proton(s) thought about certain by show. The net charge of an ion is non-zero because of its absolute number of electrons being inconsistent to its complete number of protons.

Complete step by step answer:
As we know that an ion is a molecule or gathering of atoms where the quantity of electrons isn't equivalent to the quantity of protons. Electrons have a negative charge, though protons have a positive charge. At the point when a molecule picks up electrons, this outcomes in a negative charge. This sort of ion is called an anion. At the point when a particle loses electrons, this outcomes in a positive charge. A decidedly charged particle is known as a cation. We should investigate a few particle instances of the two sorts.
We know that the positive ions are regularly metals or act like metals. Numerous normal materials contain these ions. Mercury is found in thermometers, for example, and aluminum is a metal that is found in an amazing measure of things. The positive charge (more protons versus electrons) for a cation is appeared by a number and plus sign after the formula. On the off chance that there's only an or more sign, it implies the charge is $ + 1$. A few instances of cations, or positive ions, incorporate the accompanying:
Aluminum - $A{l^{3 + }}$
Barium- $B{a^{2 + }}$
Bismuth- $B{i^{3 + }}$
Cadmium- $C{d^{2 + }}$
Calcium- $C{a^{2 + }}$
Similarly as ions can lose electrons to become cations, some can pick up electrons and turn into negatively charged anions. Once more, you might be comfortable with a portion of these particles. Fluoride is some of the time added to network water supplies.
The negative charge (fewer protons than electrons) for an anion is appeared by a number and less sign after the formula. On the off chance that there's simply a less sign, it implies the charge is $ - 1$. Here are a few instances of anions:
Bromide- $B{r^ - }$
Chloride- $C{l^ - }$
Fluoride- ${F^ - }$
Iodide- ${I^ - }$
Oxide- ${O^{2 - }}$

Note: On the off chance that an ion comprises at least two atoms it is known as polyatomic ions. Much the same as their single-atoms particles, they also can pick up and lose electrons. Ions with several atoms that lose electrons, and are positively charged, are known as polyatomic cations. Ions with multiple atoms which accept electrons, and are negatively charged are known as polyatomic anions.