Question

What were Anjuvannam and Manigramam?
A.Fighting units
B.Trade guilds
C.Nomadic tribes
D.Ruling class in Kerala

Answer 1

Hint:Guilds in the middle Ages played a crucial part in the community. They contributed a direction for trade techniques to be acquired. Business guilds served as channels through which Indian civilization was shipped to other lands. They were continually autonomous bodies over which kings strived to exert supervision, and sometimes failed. Throughout 11th - 13th centuries, Anjuvannam was principally comprised of Muslim sellers on both the west and east shores of the Indian nation.

Complete answer:
The rulers did their best to include the guilds due to the privileges they procured from them. Trade guilds assigned armies, relished immunities, and had global relationships and accordingly comprised a state within a nation.Anjuvannam and Manigramam are the trade associations which prevailed in medieval Kerala till the 14 century. They were active in both ocean and territory trade.The guild of Anjuvannam was assembled by West Asian merchants that included Jewish, Parsi Syrian, Muslim, Christian and Zoroastrian merchants handling in south India.

Manigramam guild prospered in Tamil Nadu and was competitive in south-east Asia. Contrary to Manigiramam, which was also governing in Indian frontier, the existence of Anjuvannam is established only in coastal cities.The initial tangible epigraphical proof of Anjuvannam is the Quilon Syrian copper plates. The union was effective on Kerala beach in the 9th century CE. From the earlier 10th century, Ainurruvar guild scattered throughout south India carrying under its umbrella maximum of the pre-existing guilds.

Hence, the correct answer is option (B).

Note:Anjuvannam and Manigiramam were integrated into the Five Hundred. In and after the 12th century, the Five Hundred worked as an umbrella institution to wrap all the additional minor merchant guilds.They discovered a note in 1279 AD making some payment to a regional temple on the commodity received and shipped at a local port.