Question

Amritsar and Shimla are almost on the same latitude, but their climate difference is due to
_________.
A) the difference in their altitudes
B) their distance from sea
C) snowfall in Shimla
D) pollution in Amritsar

Answer 1

Hint:
Climate of an area includes the weather conditions prevailing in that area. The climate of a region depends on many factors including the amount of sunlight it receives, its altitude, its latitude, the shape of the land and how close it is to the oceans.

Complete Answer:
Latitude: Latitude is a Geographic coordinate of a point on the surface of the earth. Latitude is an angle which is \[{0^ \circ }\] at the equator and \[{90^ \circ }\] at the poles. Latitude gives the north-south position of a point.
Altitude: Altitude is the vertical elevation of an object or a point above a surface of a planet. Attitude measures the height of an object or a point in relation to sea level or the ground level.
Amritsar: Amritsar is a city in the Indian state of Punjab, 28 km from the border of Pakistan. It is situated in the Northwestern region. The climate in Amritsar is semi-arid and experiences four seasons. These four seasons include winter, summer, monsoon and post monsoon season. The latitude of Amritsar is \[{31^ \circ }\] north. The altitude of Amritsar is 234 m.
Shimla: It is the capital of the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. It is located in the Northern region of India, at the foothills of the Himalayas. Shimla features a subtropical highland climate. The climate here is predominantly cool during winters and moderately warm during summer. The average temperature during summer is between \[{19^ \circ }C\] and \[{20^ \circ }C\], and between \[ - {1^ \circ }C\] and \[{10^ \circ }C\] in winter. The latitude of Shimla is also \[{31^ \circ }\] north. The altitude of Shimla is 2276 m.
Although the latitude of Shimla and Amritsar are the same but they have different altitudes. Due to their differences in altitude, there are variations in the climate. The climate in Shimla is cool as compared to Amritsar.
Hence Amritsar and Shimla are almost on the same latitude, but they experience climate differences due to the differences in their altitudes.

Therefore, the correct option is A.

Note:
1) Elevation is the reason for their differences in the climate here. Climate differences can also arise due to the position of the mountains, the winds, etc.
2) The simplest way to describe climate is to look at average temperature and precipitation over time.