Question

How many activities have affected the depletion of flora and fauna ? Explain.

Answer 1

Hint - Human insensitivity to human activities and environment has been the main reason for the lack of flora and fauna. The various activities performed by humans are: Deforestation for agricultural extension, Degradation of forests by changes in farming.

Complete answer - The lack of flora and fauna is due to industrial economy and consumption of resources. Industrial Economy: The increasing demand for forest products such as furniture, vegetables, grass and other minerals from forest resources leads to decay of flora and fauna. Consumption of resources: It is also a reason for shortage of resources by rich people more than poor people.
Factors lacking flora and fauna
Human: Wood, bark, leaves, rubber, medicines, dyes, fuel, fodder are responsible for decay of vegetation. Wildlife poaching and poaching, overgrowth, environmental pollution are some of the factors that cause shortage of organisms.
Development of Transport: Expansion of railway, commercial and scientific forestry leads to depletion of Indian forest.
Agricultural extension: In India, in the years between 1951 and 1980, 26,200 square kilometers of forest land was converted into agricultural land.
Deforestation: It is the process of cutting down trees for agriculture, transportation and other such purposes. The lack of flora and fauna is due to deforestation. For example: Deforestation of tribal belts in North Eastern and Central India led to a shortage of flora and fauna of that region.
Large Scale Development Projects: Since 1951, clearances for forest river valley projects over 5000 sq km have been approved. Cleaning of forests is still going on with the Narmada Sagar Project in Madhya Pradesh.
Mining: The mining process causes deforestation. The Buxa Tiger Reserve in West Bengal is threatened by mining. It has disturbed the natural habitat of many species and blocked the migration routes of many other species such as the great Indian elephant.
Grazing of animals: Grazing of animals in the forests leads to deforestation.
Overproduction: Unequal access to resources and sharing of the responsibility gap for environmental well-being leads to decay of flora and fauna.
Overgrowth: The continuous increase in population creates the need for shelter, income, etc. For this, forest land is used for construction of buildings and industries. Therefore, it causes environmental destruction.
 Results of lack of flora and fauna-
The forest dependent communities that depend on the forest are becoming poor. Forest destruction includes factors such as wood, fuel, animal grazing, medicinal plants, forest-based agriculture for income generation. For example, rural areas lack electricity and gas for cooking, so people in rural areas use firewood to produce fires. Fuel availability is low due to deforestation. Timber is used in the construction of houses, there is less availability of wood in the forest. It affects the income generation of communities.

Note - Due to resource scarcity, people who had to meet fuel, feed and other basic needs had to walk more than 10 km to collect these resources. Poverty has declined as a result of drought, deforestation and flooding.