NCERT Exemplar for Class 11 Biology Chapter-4 (Book Solutions)

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

1. In some animal groups, the body is found divided into compartments with serial repetition of at least some organs. This characteristic feature is named 

(a) Segmentation 

(b) Metamerism 

(c) Metagenesis 

(d) Metamorphosis 

Ans: The correct option is (b) Metamerism 

The compartments in the animal body are known as metameres, and this phenomenon is termed metamerism.

2. Given below are types of cells present in some animals. Which of the following cells can differentiate to perform different functions? 

(a) Choanocytes 

(b) Interstitial cells 

(c) Gastrodermal cells 

(d) Nematocytes 

Ans: The correct option is (b) Interstitial cells 

Some cells in the animals can't differentiate. On the other hand, Interstitial cells in the testes and ovary can differentiate.

3. Which one of the following sets of animals shares a four-chambered heart? 

(a) Amphibian, Reptiles, Birds 

(b) Crocodiles, Birds, Mammals 

(c) Crocodiles, Lizards, Turtles 

(d) Lizards, Mammals, Birds 

Ans: The correct option is (b) Crocodiles, Birds, Mammals 

Most reptiles have a three-chambered heart, whereas amphibians have a two-chambered heart. The hearts of crocodiles, birds, and mammals contain four chambers.

4. Which of the following pairs of animals has non-glandular skin 

(a) Snake and Frog 

(b) Chameleon and Turtle 

(c) Frog and Pigeon 

(d) Crocodile and Tiger 

Ans: The correct option is (b) Chameleon and Turtle 

Frogs, snakes, and crocodiles all have glandular skin. Mammalian skin is glandular as well.

5. Birds and mammals share one of the following characteristics as a common feature. 

(a) Pigmented skin 

(b) Pneumatic bones 

(c) Viviparity 

(d) Warm-blooded 

Ans: The correct option is (d) Warm-blooded 

Birds feature pneumatic bones and viviparity, while mammals do not. Mammals are the only animals with pigmented skin.

6. Which one of the following sets of animals belongs to a single taxonomic group? 

(a) Cuttlefish, Jellyfish, Silverfish, Dogfish, Starfish 

(b) Bat, Pigeon, Butterfly 

(c) Monkey, Chimpanzee, Man 

(d) Silkworm, Tapeworm, Earthworm 

Ans: The correct Option is (c) Monkey, Chimpanzee, Man 

All creatures in option 'c' are classified as Mammalia. Dogfish and starfish are unusual organisms in option 'a.' Animals from three distinct species are included in option 'b.' Animals from three distinct genera are also included in option 'd.'

7. Which one of the following statements is incorrect? 

(a) Mesoglea is present in between ectoderm and endoderm in Obelia. 

(b) Asterias exhibits radial symmetry 

(c) Fasciola is a pseudocoelomate animal 

(d) Taenia is a triploblastic animal 

Ans: The correct Option is (c) Fasciola is a pseudocoelomate animal 

The incorrect statement is (c) as Fasciola is an acoelomate animal. 

8. Which one of the following statements is incorrect? 

(a) In cockroaches and prawns, excretion of waste material occurs through malpighian tubules. 

(b) In ctenophores, locomotion is mediated by comb plates. 

(c) In Fasciola, flame cells take part in the excretion 

(d) Earthworms are hermaphrodites, and yet cross-fertilization takes place among them. 

Ans: The correct Option is (a) In cockroaches, and prawns excretion of waste material occurs through malpighian tubules. 

9. Which one of the following is oviparous? 

(a) Platypus 

(b) Flying-fox (Bat) 

(c) Elephant 

(d) Whale 

Ans: The correct Option is (a) Platypus 

All the organisms mentioned above are mammals, but only platypus is an oviparous mammal.

10. Which one of the following is not a poisonous snake?

(a) Cobra 

(b) Viper 

(c) Python 

(d) Krait 

Ans: The correct Option is (c) Python 

Cobra, Python and Krait are venomous snakes.

11. Match the following list of animals with their level of organization. 

Choose the correct match showing the division of labour with an animal example. 

a. i-B, ii-C, iii-D, and iv-A 

b. i-B, ii-D, iii-C, and iv-A 

c. i-D, ii-A, iii-B, and iv-C 

d. i-A, ii-D, iii-C, and iv-B

Ans: c. i-D, ii-A, iii-B, and iv-C 

12. Body cavity is the cavity present between the body wall and gut wall. In some animals, the body cavity is not lined by mesoderm. Such animals are called 

(a) Acoelomate 

(b) Pseudocoelomate 

(c) Coelomate 

(d) Haemocoelomate 

Ans: The correct option is (b) Pseudocoelomate 

13. Match column A with column B and choose the correct option

a. A-ii, B-iii, C-v, D-iv, E-i 

b. A-ii, B-v, C-iii, D-iv, E-i 

c. A-i, B-iii, C-v, D-iv, E-ii 

d. A-i, B-v, C-iii, D-iv, E-ii 

Ans: c. A-i, B-iii, C-v, D-iv, E-ii 

Very Short Answer Questions

1. Identify the phylum in which adults exhibit radial symmetry and larva exhibit bilateral symmetry. 

Ans: Echinodermata is the phylum that exhibits radial symmetry in adults and bilateral symmetry in the larval stage.

2. What is the importance of pneumatic bones and air sacs in Aves? 

Ans: Because pneumatic bones are hollow, they are light in weight. This aids in the weight loss process. Additional air can be filled in air sacs since air sacs are connected to the lungs. This adds to the buoyancy. Birds have pneumatic bones and air sacs as a result of their flying capabilities.

3. What is metagenesis? Mention an example that exhibits this phenomenon. 

Ans: Polyp and medusa are the two body types of cnidarians. Polyps are the sessile forms, whereas medusa is the free-swimming forms. Some cnidarians have generations that alternate between polyp and medusa forms, with one generation in polyp form and the next in medusa form. Metagenesis is the term for this phenomenon. 

4. What is the role of feathers? 

Ans: Feathers exhibit the following roles:

1. The airfoil shape of the wings helps them to lift for a flight.

2. The regulate the temperature of the body.

3. They are essential for mating.

5. Which group of chordates possess a sucking and circular mouth without jaws? 

Ans: The group of chordates that have jawless circular mouths are called Cyclostomata.

6. Give one example each for an animal possessing placoid scales and that with cycloid scales. 

Ans: Cartilaginous fish show the presence of Placoid scales, e.g. scoliodon. At the same time, bony fishes have cycloid scales, e.g. rohu.

7. Mention two modifications in reptiles required for terrestrial mode of life. 

Ans: The modifications reptiles should adapt for a terrestrial life are as follows:

1. Scales on the epidermis and dry and cornified skin.

2. Internal fertilization

8. Mention one example each for animals with a chitinous exoskeleton and those covered by a calcareous shell. 

Ans: Cockroaches, for example, have a chitinous exoskeleton. Pila, for example, is a mollusc with a calcareous shell. 

9. What is the role of the radula in molluscs? 

Ans: Radula is a rasping organ found in molluscs that looks like a file. It helps scrape and scratch food. It also aids in the formation of rock depressions. These creatures make their homes in such depressions.

10. Name the animal, which exhibits the phenomenon of bioluminescence. Mention the phylum to which it belongs. 

Ans: The animals like Ctenoplana and Pleurobrachia show bioluminescence. They fall under the phylum Ctenophora.

11. Write one example of each of the following in the space provided. 

(a) Cold-blooded animal _____ 

Ans: Frog 

(b) Warm-blooded animal _____ 

Ans: Pigeon

(c) Animal possessing dry and cornified skin _____ 

Ans: Snake

(d) Dioecious animal _____ 

Ans: Ascaris 

12. Differentiate between a diploblastic and a triploblastic animal. 

Ans: 

13. Give an example of the following 

(a) Roundworm 

Ans: Ascaris

(b) Fish possessing poison sting 

Ans: Trygon 

(c) A limbless reptile/ amphibian 

Ans: Ichthyophis 

(d) An oviparous mammal 

Ans: Platypus 

14. Provide appropriate technical terms in the space provided. 

(a) Blood-filled cavity in arthropods _____. 

Ans: Haemocoel 

(b) Free-floating form of cnidaria _____. 

Ans: Medusa

(c) Stinging organ of jellyfishes _____. 

Ans: Nematocytes 

(d) Lateral appendages in aquatic annelids _____. 

Ans: Parapodia 

15. Match the following: 

Ans: 

Short Answer Questions

1. Differentiate between: 

(a) Open circulatory system and closed circulatory system 

Ans: 

(b) Oviparous and viviparous characteristic 

Ans: 

(c) Direct development and Indirect development 

Ans:

2. Sort out the animals based on their symmetry (radial or bilateral) 

coelenterates, ctenophores, annelids, arthropods, and echinoderms. 

Ans: The animals on the basis of their symmetry are shown in the table below:

3. There has been an increase in the number of chambers in the heart during the evolution of vertebrates. Give the names of the class of vertebrates having two, three or four-chambered hearts. 

Ans: The number of heart chambers has increased with the evolution of the vertebrates. The class of vertebrates having two-chambered hearts is Aves, a three-chambered heart is Amphibians, and a four-chambered heart is Mammals.

4. Fill up the blank spaces appropriately

Ans: 

5. Match the following 

Ans: 

6. Endoparasites are found inside the host body. Mention the unique structure possessed by these and which enables them to survive in those conditions. 

Ans: Because endoparasites reside in a nutrient-rich habitat, most of their modifications aid in absorption. Outside the body of tapeworms and roundworms is an absorbent covering called tegument. This layer features a villi-like structure that aids in food absorption. Endoparasites that live in the small or large intestine receive predigested food from their hosts; hence, many don't have a stomach. However, several of them have both stomach and anus. Tapeworms possess suckers in their mouths that help them absorb nutrition. Endoparasites also have methods for moving from one host to the next. Sometimes they spend a portion of their life cycle in an intermediate host, like the malarial parasite.

7. Match the following and write the correct choice in space provided 

Ans: 

8. Differentiate between: 

(a) Open and closed circulatory system

Ans: 

(b) Oviparity and viviparity 

Ans: 

(c) Direct and indirect development 

Ans: 

(d) Acoelomate and pseudocoelomate 

Ans: 

(e) Notochord and nerve cord 

Ans: 

(f) Polyp and medusa 

Ans: 

9. Give the characteristic features of the following, citing one example of each 

(a) Chondrichthyes and osteichthyes 

Ans: 

(b) Urochordata and Cephalochordata 

Ans: 

10. Mention two similarities between 

(a) Aves and mammals 

Ans: Aves and Mammals both have a four-chambered heart and are warm-blooded.

(b) A frog and crocodile 

Ans: Frog is an amphibian, and the crocodile is a reptile and can live in water as well as on land. Both have lungs for breathing.

(c) A turtle and pila 

Ans: The body has a hard shell-like covering. Both pila and turtle lay eggs, so they are oviparous.

11. Name 

(a) A limbless animal 

Ans: Ichtyophis

(b) A cold-blooded animal 

Ans: Frog 

(c) A warm-blooded animal 

Ans: Parrot 

(d) An animal possessing dry and cornified skin 

Ans: Python 

(e) An animal having a canal system and spicules 

Ans: Sycon 

(f) An animal with cnidoblasts 

Ans: Obelia 

12. Give an example for each of the following 

(a) A viviparous animal 

Ans: Chimpanzee 

(b) A fish possessing a poison sting 

Ans: Torpedo

(c) A fish possessing an electric organ 

Ans: Electric ray 

(d) An organ, which regulates buoyancy 

Ans: Air bladder 

(e) Animal, which exhibits alternation of generation 

Ans: Obelia 

(f) Oviparous animal with mammary gland 

Ans: Platypus 

13. Excretory organs of different animals are given below. Choose correctly and write in the space provided. 

Ans: 

Long Answer Questions

1. Give three major differences between chordates and non-chordates and draw a schematic sketch of a chordate showing those features. 

Ans: 

Figure: Chordata- A Diagrammatic Structure

2. What is the relationship between germinal layers and the formation of the body cavity in the case of coelomate, acoelomates and pseudocoelomates? 

Ans: (i) Coelomate: Ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm are the three germinal layers in coelomates. The mesoderm borders the body cavity, indicating the presence of a body cavity.

(ii) Acoelomate: Endoderm and Ectoderm are the two germinal layers of acoelomates. Coelomate does not have a body cavity.

(iii) Pseudocoelomate: In a pseudocoelomate, there are three germinal layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. However, the real coelom is not present because mesoderm is distributed as dispersed pouches rather than lining the cavity.

3. Comment upon the habitats and external features of animals belonging to class, amphibia and reptilia. 

Ans: Amphibia : 

(a) Habitat: They survive in freshwater as well as marine water. They can also reside on the land. 

(b) External Features: The body is divided into two parts: head and trunk. There may be a presence of a tail. They have no scales with moist skin. There are eyelids on the eyes, and the ear is the tympanum.

Reptilia : 

(a) Habitat: They are typically terrestrial creatures with a wide range of habitats. Some, however, may be found in both terrestrial and aquatic environments. But they cannot inhale underwater. Limbs are arranged in pairs.

(b) External Characteristics: Scales cover the skin, which is dry and flaky. The ear is represented by the tympanum. There are two pairs of limbs.

4. Mammals are most adapted among the vertebrates. Elaborate. 

Ans: Mammalian adaptations are the best among vertebrates. 

The following are some of the adaptations that animals have shown: 

(i) Mammals may be found in a wide range of habitats, including mountains, deserts, grasslands, plains, and even aquatic environments. 

(ii) Insulation is provided by skin hairs. 

(iii) Mammals have two sets of limbs that allow them to run, leap, stroll, fly, climb, and burrow. 

(iv) They are warm-blooded creatures, meaning they can regulate their body temperature. 

(v) Sexual dimorphism is well established and serves as a critical survival mechanism. 

(vi) Sweat glands are found on mammalian skin and aid in osmoregulation and temperature regulation. 

(vii) External ears aid in the effective capture of sound waves. 

(viii) The four-chambered heart allows for more effective double circulation than single circulation. 

(ix) The majority of mammals are viviparous. 

(x) This contributes to animals living longer lives.

Download NCERT Exemplar of Class 11 Chapter 4

Students can download the unsolved NCERT Exemplar for Class 11 chapter 4 biology from the official site of the National Centre of Education and Research Training (NCERT). To download the solutions of the exemplar, click on the provided link on this page. Vedantu subject matter experts offer solutions in a very detailed manner that helps you understand the concepts easily.

Class 11 Chapter 4 - Animal Kingdom

The fourth chapter of the class 11 NCERT textbook talks about the Animal kingdom. In this chapter, you read about the Basis of Classification, Levels of Organisation, and Classification of Animals.

• A few main terms in the Animal kingdom 

Animals vary in complexity. They are classified based on differences in their anatomy, morphology, and evolutionary history.

• Anima - They don’t have the red colour of blood. E.g. Sponges

• Enaima - Animals that have red blood. E.g. Vertebrates

• Vivipara - Animals that give birth to young ones. E.g. Humans

• Ovipara - These animals lay eggs. E.g. frogs.  

Benefits of Solved NCERT Exemplar Class 11 Biology- Animal kingdom

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