Lakhmir Singh Physics Class 10 Solutions Chapter 2 - Magnetic Effects of Electric Current

The electron microscopes have made it possible to make many times larger and very high-resolution images of such copper coils and to observe the effect on the electric field of the current.

In particular, they have shown that the current through a single copper coil moves the conduction electrons, corresponding to the "north" direction in a compass needle, into the opposite direction, and that the current does not induce any deflection in the needle. However, they have not yet been able to calculate the absolute velocity of the compass needle as a function of the current in the copper wire.

Now, he discovered that by placing a large cassette and recording the change in the signal interference between the magnetic field produced by each coil and that generated by the constant current and the pulsed magnetic field, a three-dimensional picture of the magnetization in the coil could be obtained. This implies that for each magnetic field the electric current, which in turn is proportional to the current in the coil, changes the direction of the field, therefore the acceleration of the electric current as a function of the magnetic field also changes the direction of the pulse of the magnetic field, which therefore gives rise to the resulting magnetization. 

Imagine a place where two lines of force come in close contact. The lines are not magnets but the force of the two lines forces each to pass over the other line. When the two lines intersect, this is called the “magnetic dip”, which can be felt if you try.

For example, let the two lines of force be from north and south. As you push north, you are pulling down on the south to point it east. As you push south, you pull up on the north to point it west. That is how you get the dip. This sort of dip is extremely common. In the recent past, magnetic lines of force were everywhere in the earth’s atmosphere, producing auroras.

Oersted’s experiment was to try and send a strong electrical current through a conducting crystal of sodium and look at how the charged particles inside reacted. To do so, he put sodium in a sealed glass tube and then surrounded the tube with a piece of iron. He then flipped the iron around (rotating it 120°) and slammed it onto the glass tube where it discharged the sodium. Now this “electrode” did not actually pass through the entire length of the tube as it does in current theories. Instead, it only penetrated a small portion of the tube. To account for this small pass-through, Oersted put a piece of heavy iron on the end of the electrode. When this piece of iron hit the inside of the tube, it pushed the electrically charged particles up the rest of the tube in one direction while pushing the negatively charged particles down the rest of the tube in the other.

In his experiment, Oersted had a tube of light, a piece of metal, and a piece of glass with a clear surface on it. The light was heated by the sun during the day and the piece of metal was protected from the sun by a piece of black glass. When the whole apparatus was closed, Oersted could look inside and see the reactions of the particles, and he could measure the voltage which passed through the tube.

Chapter 2 - Magnetic Effects of Electric Current begins with an introduction to magnets and their characteristic features. Then you will learn about magnetic fields and field lines. Students will further learn about the Right Thumb Rule, Electric Motor, Electromagnetic Induction, Electric Generator, and Domestic Electric Circuits. You can find everything you need on the Vedantu app or website.  All you need to do is sign up on the Vedantu website or the Vedantu app and download free study materials.