Question

Who wrote the book “Two Treatises of Government”?
a. John Locke
b. Thomas Hobbes
c. Jean-Jacques Rousseau
d. Voltaire

Answer 1

Hint:
 His philosophy of politics was motivated by his strongly held religious beliefs. He is also known as the "Father of Liberalism".

Complete step by step solution:
The “Two Treatises of Government”, a major declaration of the political philosophy of the English philosopher John Locke, was published in 1689 but was written many years earlier.

John Locke was an English philosopher and doctor, generally considered to be one of the most influential thinkers of the Enlightenment. Considered one of the first British empiricists to adopt Sir Francis Bacon's tradition, Locke is equally significant in the theory of social contracts. The evolution of epistemology and political theory was profoundly influenced by his work.
The work can be considered a reaction to the political situation as it occurred at the time of the exclusion controversy in England-the dispute about whether a law could be enacted to prevent (exclude) the succession to the English throne of James, King Charles II's Roman Catholic brother, who reigned from 1660 to 1685, although its message was of far more lasting significance. Locke endorsed exclusion strongly. He makes it clear in the preface to the work, composed at a later date, that the claims of the two treatises are ongoing and that the whole constitutes a justification of the Glorious Revolution that deposed James (who reigned from 1685 to 1688 as James II) and introduced to the throne the Protestants William III and Mary II.


Hence, the correct answer is option A.

Note:
The United States Declaration of Independence reflects Locke’s contributions to classical republicanism and liberal theory. Voltaire and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, many Scottish Enlightenment thinkers, as well as the American Revolutionaries, were inspired by his writings.